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Sacraments - Ch. 2
What Happens in the Sacraments
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pentecost | A Greek word that means "fiftieth day." On this day, the Church celebrates the descent of the Holy Spirit upon Mary and the Apostles. It is often called the "birthday of the Church" |
| Paraclete | Another name for the Holy Spirit that means "advocate, defender, or consoler |
| apostolic succession | An unbroken chain of power and authority connecting the pope and bishops to St. Peter and the Twelve Apostles of Jesus |
| blessings | Divine life-giving actions that originate from God the Father as both word and gift |
| Blessed Sacrament | The consecrated species of bread from Mass that is reserved in the tabernacle in church. It is the Real Presence of Jesus |
| Real Presence | The doctrine that Jesus Christ is truly present in his Body and Blood under the form of bread and wine in the Eucharist |
| transubstantiation | What happens at the consecration of the bread and wine at Mass when their entire substance is turned into the entire substance of the Body and Blood of Christ, even though the appearances of bread and wine remain |
| ministerial priesthood | The priesthood of Christ received in the Sacrament of Holy Orders. Its purpose is to serve all Christians by building up and guiding the Church in the name of Christ |
| common priesthood | The priesthood of the faithful. Christ has made the Church "a kingdom of priests" who share in his priesthood through the Sacraments of Baptism and Confirmation |
| sacramental character | An indelible spiritual mark which is the permanent effect of the Sacraments of Baptism, Confirmation, and Holy Orders. The mark is a permanent configuration to Jesus Christ and a specific standing in the Church. |
| evangelize | To bring the Good News of Jesus Christ to others |
| Sacred Tradition | The living transmission of the Church's Gospel message found in the Church's teaching, life, and worship. It is faithfully preserved, handed on, and interpreted by the Church's Magisterium. |
| Holy Trinity | The central mystery of the Christian faith and of Christian life that there are three Divine Persons in one God. God alone can make it known to us by revealing himself as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. |
| Liturgy of the Word | The part of the Mass that includes the "writings of the prophets" (the Old Testament reading and psalm) and the "memoirs of the Apostles" (the New Testament Epistles and the Gospel), the homily, the profession of faith, and the intercessions for the world |
| homily | A reflection given by a bishop, priest, or deacon that reflects on the Scripture readings during Mass or the sacraments. It helps us hear God's Word and apply it to our lives today. |
| icons | religious images or paintings (from a Greek word meaning "images") |
| Sabbath | From the Hebrew word meaning "to cease," it is a weekly day of rest and worship in Judaism and Christianity |
| holy day of obligation | One of several special days in the Church Year when all Catholics are obliged to rest and participate in Mass |
| Church Year | It organizes the major events of Jesus' life around the seasons of Advent, Christmas, Lent, Triduum, Easter, and Ordinary Time |
| Transfiguration | The occasion when Jesus revealed his glory before Peter, James, and John on a high mountain. [His face "shone like the sun and his clothes became white as light" (Mt 17:2)] |
| Easter Triduum | The three-day, single liturgy that is the Church's most solemn celebration of the Paschal Mystery. It begins with the Mass of the Lord's Supper, continues through the Good Friday service, and concludes with the evening prayer on Easter Sunday. |
| mystagogia | A Greek term that means "unfolding of the mystery," which is the period following the Baptism of adults. During this time, the newly baptized are to open themselves more fully to the graces received in Baptism. |
| neophytes | Those newly received into the Church through the Sacraments of Initiation at the Easter Vigil |
| sanctoral cycle | The feasts of saints found throughout the year on the Church's liturgical calendar |
| Liturgy of the Hours | The public prayer of the Church that makes holy the entire course of the day and night. It is also called the Divine Office. |
| basilica | A long, narrow church building based on the architecture of public Roman assembly halls. The term is also an honorary one to describe churches that have special importance. |
| humility | The virtue by which Christians acknowledge that God is the author of all that is good |
| lectio divina | Literally, "divine reading." This is a prayerful way to read the Bible or any other sacred reading. |
| eschatological | A term to describe the "last things" (i.e. death, judgment, heaven, hell, Purgatory, the Second Coming of Christ, and the resurrection of the body) |
| redemption | The action of Jesus Christ whereby he paid the price of his own Death on the cross to save us from sin and thus return us to new, eternal life in union with God. |
| form | The traditional words said for each sacrament |
| matter | The traditional physical element(s) and/or gesture(s) used in each sacrament |
| anamnesis | A Greek word meaning the "remembering of" God's saving interventions in history during the liturgy. |
| epiclesis | A Greek word meaning "invocation upon" and is the intercession in which the priest begs the Father to send the Holy Spirit, so that the offerings may become the Body and Blood of Christ and that the faithful may themselves become a living offering to God. |
| tabernacle | From the Latin word meaning "tent," it is the box in a church or chapel which the Blessed Sacrament is kept |
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