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Ch 6 Symptomatic
Symptomatic and Diagnostic Terminology
| Symptomatic/Diagnostic Terms | Meaning |
|---|---|
| arthralgia | joint pain |
| atrophy | shrinking of muscle size |
| crepitation/crepitus | grating sound made by movement of some joints or broken bones |
| exostosis | a projection arising from a bone that develops from cartilage |
| flaccid | flabby, relaxed, or having defective or absent muscle tone |
| hypertrophy | increase in the size of a muscle |
| hypotonia | reduced muscle tension |
| myalgia | muscle pain |
| myodynia | muscle pain |
| ostealgia | bone pain |
| osteodynia | bone pain |
| rigor or rigidity | stiffness; stiff muscle |
| spasm | drawing in; involuntary contraction of muscle |
| spastic | uncontrolled contractions of skeletal muscles causing stiff and awkward movements (resembles spasm) |
| tetany | tension; prolonged continuous muscle contraction |
| tremor | shaking; rhythmic muscular movement |
| ankylosis | stiff joint condition |
| arthritis | inflammation of the joints charactized by pain, swelling, redness, warmth, and limitation of motion - there are more than 100 different types of arthritis |
| osteoarthritis; degenerative arthritis, degenerative joint disease (DJD) | most common form of arthritis that especially affects weight bearing joints (e.g. knee, hip) characterized by the erosion of articular cartilage |
| rheumatoid arthritis | most crippling form of arthritis characterized by a chronic, systemic inflammation most often affecting joints and synovial membranes (especially in the hands and feet) causing ankylosis and deformity |
| gouty arthritis | acute attacks of arthritis usually in a single joint (especially the great toe) caused by hyperuricemia (an excessive level of uric acid in the blood) |
| bony necrosis; sequestrum | something laid aside; dead bone tissue from loss of blood supply (e.g., after a fracture) |
| bunion | swelling of the joint at the base of the great toe caused by inflammation of the bursa |
| bursitis | inflammation of a bursa |
| chondromalacia | softening of cartilage |
| epiphysitis | inflammation of epiphyseal regions of the long bone |
| fracture (Fx) | broken or cracked bone |
| closed fracture | broken bone with no open wound |
| open fracture | compound fracture; broken bone with an open wound |
| simple fracture | a nondisplaced fracture involving one fracture line that does not require extensive treatment to repair (e.g.; hairline Fx, stress Fx, or a crack) |
| complex fracture | a displaced fracture that requires manipulation or surgery to repair |
| fracture line | line made by broken bone (e.g., oblique, spiral, or transverse) |
| comminuted fracture | broken in many little pieces |
| greenstick fracture | bending and incomplete break of a bone - most often seen in children |
| herniated disc or disk | protrusion of a degenerated or fragmented interverebral disk so that the nucleus pulposus protrudes, causing compression on the nerve root |
| myeloma | bone marrow tumor |
| myositis | inflammation of muscle |
| myoma | muscle tumor |
| leiomyoma | smooth muscle tumor |
| leiomyosarcoma | malignant smooth muscle tumor |
| rhabdomyoma | skeletal muscle tumor |
| rhabdomyosarcoma | malignant skeletal muscle tumor |
| muscular dystrophy | a category of genetically transmitted diseases characterized by progressive atrophy of skeletal muscles (Duchenne's type is most common) |
| osteoma | bone tumor |
| osteosarcoma | malignant bone tumor |
| osteomalacia | disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency |
| rickets | osteomalacia in children (causes bone deformity) |
| osteomyelitis | infection of bone and bone marrow causing inflammation |
| osteoporosis | condition of decreased bone density and increase in porosity, causing bones to become brittle and liable to fracture (porosis=passage) |
| porosis | passage |
| spinal curvatures - kyphosis | abnormal posterior curvature |
| spinal curvatures - lordosis | abnormal anterior curvature |
| spinal curvatures - scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature |
| spondylolisthesis | forward slipping of a lumbar vertebra |
| listhesis | slipping |
| spondylosis | stiff, immobile condition of vertebrae |
| sprain | injury to a ligament caused by joint trauma but without joint dislocation or fracture |
| subluxation | a partial dislocation |
| tendinitis/tendonitis | inflammation of a tendon |
Created by:
mascat
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