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Chap 8 Terms
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Procedures
| Procedure | Description |
|---|---|
| cardiac catheterization (CC) | Passage of a catheter into the heart through a vein or artery to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart |
| electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG) | Graphic line recording that shows the spread of electrical excitation to different parts of the heart using small metal electrodes applied to the chest, arms, and legs |
| Holter monitor test | ECG taken with a small portable recording system capable of storing up to 24 hours of ECG tracings |
| stress test | ECG taken under controlled exercise stress conditions |
| nuclear | ECG that utilizes a radioisotope to evaluate coronary blood flow |
| cardiac enzyme studies | Blood test that measures troponin T, troponin I, and creatinine kinase (CK-MB) |
| lipid panel | Series of tests (total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, and triglycerides) used to assess risk factors of ischemic heart disease |
| angiography | Radiographic imaging of the heart and blood vessels after injection of a contrast dye |
| coronary | Angiography to determine the degree of obstruction of the arteries that supply blood to the heart |
| digital subtraction | Angiography in which 2 radiographic images are obtained, the 1st 1 w/out contrast material and the 2nd one after a contrast material has been injected, and then compared by a computer that digitally - the images of soft tissues, bones, and muscles |
| aortography | Radiological examination of the aorta and its branches following injection of a contrast medium via a catheter |
| echocardiography (ECHO) | Noninvasive diagnostic method that uses ultrasound to visualize internal cardiac structures and produce images of the heart |
| Doppler ultrasound | Noninvasive adaptation of ultrasound technology in which blood flow velocity is assessed in different areas of the heart |
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | Noninvasive technique that uses radiowaves and a strong magnetic field, rather than an x-ray beam, to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images of blood vessels |
| multiple-gated acquisition(MUGA) | Nuclear procedure that uses radioactive tracers to produce movie-like images of the structures of the heart, including the myocardium and the mitral and tricuspid valves |
| phonocardiography phon/o: | Imaging technique that provides a graphic display of heart sounds and murmurs during the cardiac cycle |
| scintigraphy | Diagnostic test that uses radiation emitted by the body after an injection of radioactive substances to create images of various organs or identify body functions and diseases |
| thallium study (resting) | Scintigraphy procedure that uses injected radioactive thallium and records the uptake of the isotope with a gamma camera to produce an image |
| sclerotherapy | Injection of a chemical irritant (sclerosing agent) into a vein to produce inflammation and fibrosis that destroys the lumen of the vein |
| venography | Radiography of a vein after injection of a contrast medium to detect incomplete filling of a vein, which indicates obstruction |
| cardioversion | Procedure to restore normal rhythm of the heart by applying a controlled electrical shock to the exterior of the chest |
| embolization embol: plug -izaton: process (of ) | Technique used to block blood flow to a site by passing a catheter to the area and injecting a synthetic material or medication specially designed tom occlude the blood vessel |
| angioplasty | Procedure that alters a vessel through surgery or dilation of the vessel using a balloon catheter |
| coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) | Surgical procedure that uses a vessel graft from another part of the body to bypass the blocked part of a coronary artery and restore blood supply to the heart muscle |
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) per-: through | Dilation of an occluded vessel using a balloon catheter under fluoroscopic guidance |
| biopsy | Removal of material from an occluded vessel using a specially designed catheter fitted with a cutting or grinding device |
| arterial | Removal and examination of a segment of an arterial vessel wall to confirm inflammation of the wall or arteritis, a type of vasculitis |
| catheter ablation | Destruction of conduction tissue of the heart to interrupt the abnormal conduction pathway causing the arrhythmia, thus allowing normal heart rhythm to resume |
| commissurotomy | Surgical separation of the leaflets of the mitral valve, which have fused together at their “commissures” (points of touching) |
| atherectomy ather: fatty plaque | Removal of material from an occluded vessel using a specially designed catheter fitted with a cutting or grinding device |
| laser ablation | Procedure used to remove or treat varicose veins |
| ligation and stripping | Tying a varicose vein (ligation) followed by removal (stripping) of the affected segment |
| open heart surgery | Surgical procedure performed on or within the exposed heart, usually with the assistance of a heart-lung machine |
| pericardiocentesis | Puncturing of the pericardium to remove excess fluid from the pericardial sac or to test for protein, sugar, and enzymes or determine the causative organism of pericarditis |
| thrombolysis thromb/o: blood clot | Destruction of a blood clot using anticlotting agents called clot-busters, such as tissue plasminogen activator |
| intravascular | Infusion of a thrombolytic agent into a vessel to dissolve a blood clot |
| valvotomy | Incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening; used in treating mitral stenosis |
| venipuncture | Puncture of a vein by a needle attached to a syringe or catheter to withdraw a specimen of blood; also called phlebotomy |
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