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World History Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the driving forces (main motives) for imperialism? | To gain land and trying to expand |
| What is the Berlin Conference? What happened there? Who was not invited? | A meeting where Europeans agreed on rules for dividing Africa, Africa |
| What is Social Darwinism, and how does Social Darwinism relate to imperialism? | Natural selection applied to human society, People would take over areas and push their countries into the land |
| Why was the Ethiopian resistance to imperialism successful? | Menelik II made alliances with two European countries and made them fight against each other |
| What is the message in Rudyard Kipling’s White Man’s Burden? | White people have a duty to civilize, christianize/ Europeans need to help everyone else |
| Describe the different methods of management: direct control and indirect control: (colonies vs. protectorates) | Indirect- Runs own affairs, but is controlled by another nation(protectorates) Direct- Area ruled by a foreign country (colonies) |
| What is paternalism? How does it relate to imperialism? | Governing in a parental way by providing needs, but not rights. Countries want to take new land, yet they don’t want to have to deal with setting up a whole new system of government and don’t want to focus on it. |
| Why is India called the “Jewel in the crown”? | It had natural resources Britain needed for manufacturing their goods |
| What happened as a result of the Sepoy rebellion? | Britain takes direct command of India |
| What is the British East India Company, and what did they do? | Chartered trade company who controlled India, they ruled india until 1850’s |
| What were the effects of imperialism? | Expansion of countries and cultures throughout non-european countries, caused natives to be upset |
| Who fought in the Boer War? What was the result? | Boers and British, Boer Republics united in Union of South Africa |
| Why were the Balkans referred to as the powder keg of Europe? | This area had many conflicts that it was only a matter of time before a spark caused the region to take action |
| What are the MAIN causes of World War I, and what is the definition of each? | Causes: Militarism- Glorifying war and preparing for it Alliances- Creating bonds between countries to try and keep peace or to gain more power Imperialism- Sizer of a country by a stronger force Nationalism- Deep feeling of attachment to one’s nation |
| Which countries made up the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente, and why were these alliances formed? | TA- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. Seeks to isolate France TE- Britain, France, and Russia. Germany’s alliance with Russia falls, and Britain worries that Germany is getting too powerful |
| What was the “spark” in Sarajevo that set World War I into motion? | The assassination of Franz Ferdinand |
| Who was a part of the central powers? (list all) | Germany Austria-Hungary Other nations |
| Who was a part of the allied powers? (list all) | Britain France Russia Other nations |
| What is trench warfare, and why was it used? | Fighting from trenches dug into the battlefield, safer way to fight/ gave some shelter |
| What is no man’s land? | Area between 2 opposing sides trenches |
| What was the Schlieffen Plan? | A battle strategy where Germany would attack France from the west, then rush and attack Russia in the East. |
| What is total war? Give 2 examples of total war during WWI. | Where country’s commit full force in the war providing all resources, Woman’s working in factories, people rationing food, all money going to the war |
| Why did the United States get involved in World War I? (2 biggest reasons) | 1-Germany’s Actions 2-Policies of unrestricted submarine warfare |
| What is unrestricted submarine warfare? What country used this? | Sinking any ship without warning, Germany |
| What happened as a result of the Treaty of Versailles? | Forced Germany to take full responsibility of the war, and were left very weak |
| Who was forced to accept responsibility of WWI based on the Treaty of Versailles? Why is this important? | Germany, it left them weak and no one wanted to support them. |
| Why was the Weimar Republic a weak government? | Inflation, large number of political parties, and no strong democratic tradition |
| What was the Great Depression? What were some of the effects of the Great Depression? | When the stock market crashed on Oct. 29, 1929, Unemployment, bank closures, and business failures |
| What effect did the Great Depression in the United States have on Germany? | The US gave money to Germany and when the Great Depression hit the US wanted their money back |
| How did totalitarian leaders like Hitler and Mussolini end up gaining power in their nations? | Their countries wanted a stable leader since both of their governments were failing |
| What is fascism? What are some characteristics of fascism? | A new militant political movement that emphasized loyalty to the state and obedience to its leader. -a one-party system -a disregard for individual rights. -strong nationalist feelings. -believed each class had a function |
| What is communism? What are some characteristics of communism? | A political theory advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned, all goods and services are shared equally. --a one-party system -a disregard for individual rights. -strong nationalist feelings. |
| Define lebensraum. What were Hitler’s goals regarding lebensraum? | Living Space, Hitler wanted more space for his plan to grow the country |
| What is Mein Kampf? What were some main ideas in it? | Hitler’s book, His ideas of the perfect race |
| Which countries joined the Axis Power? | Italy, Japan, Germany |
| Why did Japan invade Manchuria? What was the significance of this? | They lacked important resources to support their economy, it was the first direct challenge |
| What is the Third Reich? Who led it? | German Empire, Adolf Hitler |
| What happened at the Munich Conference? | Meeting with Germany, France, Italy, and Britain ,Britain and France chose to appease Hitler |
| What is appeasement? | A policy of giving into an aggressor in order to keep peace |
| What is the non-aggression pact? (make sure to include the countries involved) | An agreement between Germany and Russia not to attack each other |
| What are two things that are significant about the German invasion of Poland? | Britain and France declare war on Germany Hitler uses Blitzkrieg |
| Describe: “blitzkrieg” How effective was it? | Lightning war, Planes infantry used to surprise enemies and conquer quickly, very effective |
| What was the “miracle at Dunkirk?” | British navy took civilians across channel to rescue soldiers |
| What were some factors that led the the fall of France? | Fall of dunkirk, No troops there, and the takeover of Paris |
| What were the 2 main ideas of the Atlantic Charter? What was significant about it? | Supports free trade, and right to form own government |
| List 3 motives Japan had for wanting to build an empire: | Land, Resources, Economy |
| Who had control of many of the islands Japan took over? | The US and European countries |
| What is the significance of December 7, 1941? | Japan bombed Pearl Harbor |
| Define genocide: | A systematic killing of certain people |
| What was the Final Solution? How is it related to the Holocaust? | Hitler’s plan to kill as many Jews as possible, It was the most major event during the Holocaust |
| Who were members of the Axis powers? | Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, and Bulgaria |
| Who were members of the Allied powers? | Great Britain, France, US, Soviet Union and China |
| What was significant about the Allied invasion of France on D-Day? | They used deception to trick Germany |
| How did civilians help out the war effort? | Made supplies for the war and continued life back home |
| Who are kamikazes? What do they show about the Japanese culture during this time period? | Suicide pilots, they were willing to die for their country |
| Why did Truman agree to use the atomic bomb? | Advisors warned him that invasion will cost many lives |
| List some reasons why there were so many displaced people after the war: | Holocaust, Invasion of countries, many people moved to safety |
| What were the Nuremberg Trials? | Trials of 22 Nazi leaders for war crimes |
| Who were the 3 main leaders who met at Yalta and what country were they from? | Britain (Churchill), US ( Truman), Soviet (Stalin) |
| What was the purpose of the Yalta Conference? What was decided at Yalta? | To decide what would happen to Germany, Who Germany’s government would be |
| What was the United Nations? Why was it created? | A league of nations made to protect members against aggression from other countries |
| Define “partition” | Splitting India into 2 |
| What are three factors that influenced independence movements of colonial countries? | Colonies cost a lot, Colonist joined with Europeans to fight against Germans, and Democratic Values |
| Describe the events that led to the transition from East Pakistan to an independent Bangladesh. | West Pakistan provided no aid to East Pakistan after a natural disaster devastated the region. Civil war between East and West Pakistan |
| Describe the effects of the Six-Day War: | Israel defeats Arab States. Israel gains Jerusalem, the Sinai Peninsula, The Golan Heights, and the West banks. A buffer zone against Arab attacks |
| Why did the original plan to partition Palestine in the late 1940’s fail? | The Palestinians rejected the Partition, saying the UN did not have the right to partition the country without consulting the majority of the people |
Created by:
allisonhunt
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