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HTI CH 4
HTI CH 4 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does infection control require? | Recognizing potential sources of transmission and breaking the chain of infection |
| List techniques for breaking the chain of infection- | Hand Hygiene, PPE, Standard and Expanded Precautions |
| Define- Infection | Invasion and growth of a microorganism that causes disease |
| Define- Pathogens | Infectious organisms; Viruses, Bacteria, Fungi, Protists, Helminthes, Prions |
| Define- HAI | Health Care Associated Infections/Nonsocomial Infections |
| Define BBP- | Pathogens/infectious agents that are carried in the blood and other bodily fluids |
| What is the principle risk of injury as a phlebotomist? | Accidental needle sticks |
| List common BBPs- | Babesiosis, Colorado Tick Fever, Hepatitis B, C, D, HIV, Malaria, Syphilis |
| How long can Hepatitis B survive outside the body? | Up to one week |
| The 3 primary elements of the Chain of Infection are | The Reservoir, Means of Transmission, & a Susceptible Host |
| List the 6 links in the Chain of Infection | Pathogenic Agent, Reservoir, Method of Escape, Mode of Transmission, Method of Entry, Susceptible Host |
| Define- Reservoir | Source of infection |
| Define- Fomite | Contaminated object/Equipment, Food, Water |
| Tuberculosis can be transmitted by | Airborne droplets |
| List the 5 Means of Transmission | Contact, Droplet, Airborne, Common Vehicle, Vector |
| Define- Contact Transmission | Infection through direct contact with a patient; Indirect infection through contact with a fomite |
| Define- Droplet Transmission | Generated by source by coughing, sneezing, or talking, Liquid splashes, transferring blood from a syringe to a tube |
| What is the average distance that droplets can travel? | Approximately 3 feet |
| Define- Airborne Transmission | Airborne Droplet Nuclei/Dust Particles; can travel long distances and cause infection through inhalation |
| Examples of Airborne Transmission related illnesses | Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Rubeola Virus, Varicella Zoster Virus |
| What special equipment can reduce the risk of Airborne Transmission? | HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) Filters |
| Define- Common Vehicle Transmission | A common source that causes multiple infections/Caused by food, water, equipment |
| Define- Vector Transmission | Agents that carry pathogens without causing themselves harm/Mosquitoes |
| Common Vector-Related Illnesses | Malaria, Yellow Fever, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
| OSHA requires that all employers have this with regard to infections | ECP- Exposure Control Plan |
| What is the most important and effective means of preventing the spread of infection? | Proper Hand Hygiene |
| When should you perform hand hygiene? | Before/After patient contact, ""donning & removing gloves, Before performing procedures, After removing PPE, Before/After Break time |
| Define- PPE | Personal Protective Equipment/Barriers, Respirators, Gowns, Face Shields, Goggles, Shoe Covers, Gloves |
| Define- N95 Respirator | A specially fitted respirator that filters out at least 95% or all airborne particles |
| Define- Standard Precautions | Inception control measures that use barrier protection and work practice controls to prevent contact between skin and infectious areas of patients |
| When were the Standard Precautions guidelines published? | 1996/ Published by the CDC |
| List common Standard Precautions | Hand Hygiene, Gloves, Gowns, Face Protection, Sharps Disposal, Cough Etiquette |
| Order- Putting on PPE | Gown, Mask/Respirator/Goggles/Face Shield, Gloves |
| Order- Removing PPE | Gown, Gloves, Hand Hygiene, Goggles/Face Shield, Mask/Respirator |
| What year did OSHA make the Standard Precautions law? | 1992 |
| How should all specimens be handled? | As if they contain BBPs/Ensures personal safety and the safety of others |
| Define- Isolation Control | Separation of an infection source from susceptible hosts |
| Define- PE | Protective Environment/Isolation unit for immunocompromised patients |
| Define- Tier I PE | Precautions used for all patients in hospital without regard to their diagnosis |
| Define- Tier II PE | Uses Expanded Precautions (EP)/For patients suspected of carrying an infection such as MRSA |
| Define- MRSA | Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus |
| List 3 types of EP Protections | Airborne, Droplet, Contact |
| Define- Airborne Infection Isolation Precautions | Used for patients known to have diseases transmitted through Droplet Nuclei |
| What is the main component of Droplet Precaution? | Wearing a mask when within 3 feet of patient, Gloves |
| Examples of Droplet Transmitted Diseases | Diptheria, Meningitis, Pneumonia, Sepsis, Scarlet Fever, Adenovirus, Influenza, Mumps, Rubella |
| Examples of Contact transmitted Diseases | Clostridium Difficile, Herpes, Impetigo, Scabies, Ebola, Conjunctivitis, Zoster |
| Process for Spill Clean Up | Wear gloves, Use 10% bleach disinfectant, Clean visible blood first, Allow bleach to remain in contact for 20 to 30 minutes |
| Varicella Zoster is the cause of | Chickenpox |
| A common example of a Vector is | An insect |
| 10% bleach solution should be made how often? | Once a week |
Created by:
jasoneldert
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