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Ancient Islam
Islamic Civilization - People, Places, Ideas
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| oasis | a place in a desert where water can be found |
| Bedouins | Arab nomads |
| Muhammad | prophet of Islam |
| Ka'aba | holy site where Muhammad destroyed idols |
| Quran | holy book of Islam |
| Sunnah | traditions (words & actions) of Muhammad |
| Five Pillars | the basic committments each Muslim must fulfill |
| Belief | declaration of faith in a single God and in Muhammad as his messenger |
| Prayer | five times daily facing Mecca |
| Fasting | go without food & drink from dusk to dawn |
| Pilgrimage | Journey to Mecca that Muslims try to make at least once in a lifetime |
| Mosque | house of worship for Muslims |
| Sharia | Islamic laws |
| Caliph | leader of Islamic Empire after Muhammad's death |
| Sunnis | majority Islamic branch |
| Shi'as | minority Islamic branch |
| sultan | leader of non-Arab Muslim states |
| Umayyad | expanded empire from Spain to India - Syria |
| Abbasid | ruled during Golden Age - Baghdad |
| Ottoman | non-Arab ruled until 1923 - Turkey |
| Savavid | non-Arab took over Persia - Iran |
| jihad | Struggle for the faith |
| souk | market place |
| Hijra | migration from Mecca to Medina |