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Medieval Europe
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| plague | a disease that spreads quickly and kills many people |
| Scholasticism | a new way of thinking where one would use reason to explore questions of faith |
| missionaries | people sent out to teach their religion |
| concordat | an agreement between the pope and a ruler of a country |
| excommunicate | to exclude a person from church membership |
| knight | warriors in armor who fought on horseback and wore coats of mail |
| serf | peasants who worked for lords |
| fjords | steep-sided valleys that are inlets of the sea |
| Anti-Semitism | hatred of Jews |
| theology | study of God and religion |
| vassal | a noble who served a lord of higher rank |
| fief | land granted to a vassal by a lord |
| vernacular | everyday language |
| trial jury | decided whether or not an accused person was innocent or guilty |
| grand jury | decided whether or not people should be accused of a crime |
| mass | Catholic worship service |
| clergy | people who had been ordained as priests |
| guild | business groups |
| Feudalism | a social order where land-owning nobles governed and protected the people in return for services (ex: fighting or farming) |
| Reconquista | "reconquest" or to take back |
| heresy | religious beliefs that conflict with church teachings |