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SOL 5-6-7

ANCIENT GREECE AND ROME AND BYZANTINE EMPIRE

TermDefinition
Which Classical civilization had the two city-states of Sparta and Athens? GREECE
The Greeks had a shift from a barter economy (trading goods) to one that used MONEY (COINS)
What physical feature both helped prevent invasion but also limited growth in ancient Greece? MOUNTAINS or SEAS
Greek Colonization was needed due to overpopulation and a need for ________________ land. ARABLE (ABLE TO BE FARMED)
Land able to be farmed. ARABLE LAND
What was based on a polytheistic religion and offered explanations of natural phenomena, human qualities and life events? MYTHOLOGY
Zeus, Hera, Apollo, Artemis, Athena and Aphrodite are all examples of _____________________ who have become image used in Western literature, art and architecture. GREEK GODS AND GODDESSES
A Greek city-state is known as a... POLIS
________________ were free adult males and had political rights and responsibility of government participation CITIZENS
Women, foreigners and _____________ had no political rights. SLAVES
Athens had an evolution of different styles of government: From Monarchy to Aristocracy to Tyranny and finally a ... DEMOCRACY
The two tyrant leaders who worked for reform in Athens were... DRACO and SOLON
In a _____________ Democracy the people vote directly on the issues. DIRECT
Sparta was ruled by a small group called a _______________. It had a rigid social structure and were very militaristic. OLIGARCHY
Athens and Sparta UNITED to fight what enemy? PERSIA
The Athenian victories over the Persians at the battles of _________________________ left the Greeks in control of the Aegean Sea MARATHON and SALAMIS
Sparta led the Peloponnesian League against Athen's Delian League in which civil war? PELOPONNESIAN WAR
The Peloponnesian War left Greece weak and allowed for ________________________ by Philip II of Macedon INVASION
The Golden Age that took place between the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars was dominated by this man. PERICLES
Pericles extended democracy rebuilt Athens after the Persian Wars. The ___________________ is an example of this reconstruction. PARTHENON
These two were known for Greek Drama. AESCHYLUS and SOPHOCLES
This was the author of the Iliad and Odyssey HOMER
The Two historians of Greece were... HERODOTUS (the father of history) and THUCYDIDES
The sculptor of Ancient Greece was... PHIDIAS
The three types of columns in Greece were Doric (Parthenon) Ionic and... CORINTHIAN
The Scientists of Greece were... ARCHIMEDES and HIPPOCRATES (Doctor oath)
The Mathematicians of Greece were... EUCLID and PYTHAGORAS
The three philosophers were... SOCRATES, PLATO and ARISTOTLE
Philip II of Macedon conquered most of ... GREECE
Philip II had a son named______________ and he established Hellenistic culture (a blend of Greek and oriental elements) from Greece to India ALEXANDER THE GREAT
Rome was centrally located in the ___________ Basin on the _____________ peninsula. MEDITERRANEAN / ITALIAN
Rome was protected by the ________ mountain range and the __________________ Sea ALPS / MEDITERRANEAN
Roman mythology was based on the __________ polytheistic religion GREEK
Jupiter, Juno, Apollo, Diana, Minerva and Venus were all _________________ ROMAN GODS AND GODDESSES
The Roman powerful nobility (although few in numbers) were the... PATRICIANS
The majority of the people in Rome were known as the PLEBEIANS
Citizenship, taxes, military services, etc., was only for selected foreigners and both Patrician and ____________ men PLEBEIAN
Features of the Roman democracy included a ________________ democracy, assemblies, the Senate and consuls REPRESENTATIVE
The laws of Rome were codified as the __________________________ TWELVE TABLES
The wars that included Rome vs Carthage (both in competition for trade)were called the... PUNIC WARS
Who crossed the Alps with his Elephants and invaded the Italian peninsula? HANNIBAL
Who won the Punic Wars? ROME
The decline of the Roman Republic was due to: A) spread of slavery in agricultural system B) Migration of farmers to citites C) Civil war over power of Julius Caesar D) Devaluation of Roman currency and inflation E) All of the Above E) ALL OF THE ABOVE
The rule of three when Julius Caesar ruled, was also known as the first... TRIUMVIRATE
The Senate was scared of Julius Caesar's power so they _________________ him. ASSASSINATED
Who defeated Marc Anthony in a civil war and became the first emperor of Rome? AUGUSTUS CAESAR
The Peace of Rome established a uniform money system and guaranteed safe travel and trade on ... ROMAN ROADS
The two centuries of peace that existed in Rome was called the... PAX ROMANA
Christianity had its roots in ... JUDAISM
Christianity was led by Jesus of _________________ who was proclaimed the Messiah NAZARETH
Christianity conflicted with the ____________ beliefs of the Roman Empire POLYTHEISTIC
Christianity is monotheistic and sees Jesus as both the _______ and incarnation of God SON
The _____________________ contains accounts of the life and teachings of Jesus and other early writings of early Christians NEW TESTAMENT
Christianity was carried and spread by the _______________ including Paul APOSTLES
The Emperor ________________ converted to Christianity and made it legal CONSTANTINE
______________ became the official state religion of Rome CHRISTIANITY
Loyalty to the church became more important than loyalty to the ... EMPEROR
The ______________ became the unifying force of the Western Europe. CHURCH
Architecture of the Roman empire includes the Forum, Pantheon and the _______________ where the gladiators performed COLOSSEUM
Roman technology included Roads, Arches and a way to carry water, ... AQUEDUCTS
The Roman scientist who thought the sun rotated around the Earth was PTOLEMY
The language of Rome was ____________ which is the basis of many romance languages. LATIN
Rome had an emphasis on public health including, public baths, public water systems and schools for... MEDICINE
The author, Virgil, wrote the... AENEID
Innocent until proven guilty came from the law code known as the ... TWELVE TABLES
The Roman empire declined because it was too _____________to maintain an army and the empire was too large. EXPENSIVE
The Roman empire also declined because of moral decay, non-Roman soldiers, and_______________ along the borders INVASIONS
Constantine moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium and renamed it... CONSTANTINOPLE
The Western Empire survived until 476 when it ceased to have an ... EMPEROR
The Eastern Roman Empire was called the ... BYZANTINE EMPIRE
Constantinople was protected on the Eastern frontier and was considered the crossroads of... TRADE
Constantinople stayed the seat of Byzantine power until they were conquered by the ... OTTOMANS
The most important Byzantine Emperor was ___________. He is important for codifying Roman Law. JUSTINIAN
Justinian coded Roman law and had a reconquest of formerly held ____________ lands ROMAN
Byzantine Icons were ____________ images. RELIGIOUS
Small stones and titles or bits of glass put together to make a picture was called a... MOSAIC
The Byzantine domed church in Constantinople was called the... HAGIA SOPHIA
The language spoken in Byzantium was ... GREEK
The religion in the Eastern Empire (Byzantium) was called EASTERN or GREEK ORTHODOX CHRISTIANITY
Greek and Roman knowledge was preserved in Byzantine... LIBRARIES
The Roman Catholic Church was centered in _____________ and followed the authority of the ______________ ROME / POPE
The authority (leader) of the Orthodox church was the... PATRIARCH
Byzantine trade routes existed between the Black and _____________ Seas BALTIC
Created by: mrjbaker
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