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Revolutions review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Tennis court oath | a vow to continue to meet until they had produced a French constitution. |
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the CiTennis Court Oathtizen | equal rights for all men |
King Philip II of Spain | saw himself as the guardian of Catholicism , 1588 his armada was defeated by the English |
James I of England believed in the divine right of kings | the idea that kings receive their power from God and are responsible only to God |
Oliver Cromwell’s defeat of the king’s forces allowed him to | take control of England and eventually establish a military dictatorship |
foundation for a constitutional monarchy in England | Bill of Rights |
Absolutism | government in which a ruler holds total power |
Edict of Nantes | recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France, and declared all Huguenots to be enemies of the state |
Thirty Years’ War involved | France, Spain, Prussia (Germany) |
Glorious Revolution | invasion of England by William of Orange, which overthrew James II with almost no bloodshed |
Hapsburgs | unified the people they ruled by converting them to Catholicism |
John Locke | people are molded by their experiences |
Jean-Jacques Rousseau | in the concept of a social contract an entire society agrees to be governed by its general will |
Montesquieu | system of checks and balances |
Adam Smith | laissez-faire the state should not regulate the economy |
In which country did the Industrial Revolution begin | Great Britain |
first industries to be affected by the Industrial Revolution | cotton cloth |
factory created a new labor system in which | products were produced by an assembly line of workers and animals |
developed a steam engine | James Watt |
social change brought about by the Industrial Revolution | emergence of the middle class and the working class |
pitiful conditions created by the Industrial Revolution gave rise to | socialism |
bourgeoisie | middle class of France and a part of the Third Estate |
Committee of Public Safety | took control of the French government in 1793 and established a Reign of Terror to defend against domestic threats |
Napoleon’s greatest domestic achievement | Napoleonic Codes |
Napoleon’s downfall began in 1812 when he decided to invade | Russia |
believed a ruler with absolute power in a state was needed to preserve society | Thomas Hobbes |
Peace of Westphalia | officially ended the Thirty Years’ War |
introduced Western customs and ways of doing things to Russia | Peter the Great |
group of French citizens who favored executing the king | Jacobins |
island off the coast of Italy, where Napoleon was first exiled | Elba |
site of Napoleon’s final defeat | Waterloo |
attacking of this began the French Revolution. | Bastille |
wife of King Louis XVI | Marie Antoinette |
Led a slave revolt against the French in Haiti | Toussaint L'Overutre |
Ivan the terrible | created private police force to arrest any suspicious persons 'out to get him', known as a brutal ruler |
Catherine the Great's reign resulted in | greater subjugation of the peasantry |