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Chp.15 - Renaissance
Term / Definition
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Renaissance | "rebirth" following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the Classical learning of Rome and Greece. |
| humanism | an intellectual movement during the Renaissance that focused on the study of worldly subjects, such as poetry and philosophy and on human potentials and achievements. |
| secular | having to do with worldly, as opposed to religious matters. |
| Baldassare Castiglione | Italian diplomat and writer, he wrote The Courtier, one of the most important books of the Renaissance, in which he delineates the rules and correct behaviors. |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | Italian political philosopher and statesman; he wrote The Prince, which advised rulers to separate morals from politics. He insisted that a ruler do whatever is necessary to succeed . |
| Lorenzo de Medici | Florentine ruler; he supported some of the most talented Renaissance artists. He was known for his patronage and liberal mind. |
| Leonardo da Vinci | Italian printer,sculptor, architect, musician, engineer, and scientist; his interests and talents spanned numerous disciplines, He painted the Mona Lisa. |
| Michelangelo Buonsrroti | Italian renaissance sculptor,architect, painter and poet; he sculpted the Pieta and the David and he painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. |
| Raphael | Italian renaissance painter; he painted fresco's, his most famous being The School of Athens. |
| Johannes Gutenburg | German inventor and printer, he invented movable type. His 1st printed publication was a 1,282 page Bible. |
| Desiderius Erasmus | Dutch priest and humanist; he wrote on the need for pure and simple Christian life. To his regret, his writings fanned the flames of discontent with the Roman Catholic Church. |
| Sir Thomas More | English statesman and author; he wrote Utopia, which describes and ideal society. |
| William Shakesphere | English dramatist and poet; he is considered one of the greatest dramatists of all time and wrote such works as Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and A Midsummer Night's Dream. |
| Christine de Pisan | French poet and author; her work The City of Women discusses the role of women in society. She championed the causes of equality and education for women. |
| Albrecht Durer | German printer, engraver and theoretician; he combined Italian renaissance techniques of realism and perspective with elements unique of northern Renaissance, such as the use of oils in his paintings. |
| Jan van Eyck | Flemish painter; his paintings focused on landscapes and domestic life and fused the everyday with religious. |
| Protestant Refromation | a religious movement in the 1500's that split the Christian church in western Europe that led to the establishment of a number of new churches. |
| indulgences | pardons issued by the pope of the Roman Catholic Church that could reduce a soul's time in purgatory from the 1100's to the 1500's, indulgences could be purchase, which led to corruption. |
| Martin Luther | German monk whose protests against the Catholic Church in 1517 led to calls for reform and to the movement known as reformation. |
| theocracy | a government ruled by religious leaders who claim God's authority. |
| John Calvin | French protestant theologian of the Reformation; he founded Calvinism, which was associated with the doctrine of predestination. |
| predestination | the belief at the beginning of time God decided who would gain salvation. |
| Henry VIII | King of England from 1509 to 1547; his desire to annul his marriage led to conflict with the pope; England's break with the Roman Catholic Church and it's embrace Protestantism. Henry established the Church of England in 1532. |
| annulled | declared invalid based on church laws. |
| Elizabeth I | Queen of England from 1558 to 1603; a skillful politician and diplomat, she reasserted protestant supremacy in England. |
| Counter-reformation | the Catholic Church's series of reforms in response to the spread of Protestantism in the mid-1500's to the early 1600's. |
| Jesuits | members of a Catholic religious order, the Society of Jesus, he founded by Ignatius Loyola in 1534. |
| Ignatius of Loyola | Spanish churchman and founder of Jesuits(1534); this order of Roman Catholic priests proved an effective force for reviving Catholicism during the Catholic Reformation. |
| Council of Trent | a meeting of church leaders in the 1500's whose purpose was to clearly define Catholic doctrines for the Catholic Reformation. |
| Charles Borromeo | Archbishop of Milan from 1560 to 1584; he took steps to implement the reforms ordered by Council of Trent. |
| Francis of Sales | French Roman Catholic leader and preacher, he worked to win back the district of Savoy, in France from Calvinism. |
| Teresa of Avila | Spanish Carmelite nun and one of the principal saints of the Roman Catholic Church; she reformed the Carmelite order. Her fervor for the Catholic Church proved inspiring for many. |
Created by:
kaileepetty
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