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DzendzIslamic Empire
Islamic Empire VA/SOL
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Muslim | A person who practices Islam |
| Islam | Monotheistic Religion; 2nd largest in the world; follow the prophet Muhammad and the 5 Pillars |
| Muhammad | Prophet who received the message of Islam from God and created a new religion |
| Allah | The name of God in Islam and Arabic |
| Arabic | Language of the Islamic Empire; used to standardize people and places and to conduct trade |
| Prophet | A person who received a message from God and tells the people |
| 5 Pillars | The foundation on which Islam creates its rules to live by; includes faith, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage |
| Quran/Koran | The holy book of Islam; the words of Allah as spoken through Muhammad |
| Abu Bakr | First Caliph of the Muslim Empire |
| Mecca | The holy site of Islam; location of the Kabaa |
| Kabaa | The holy site in Mecca which holds a sacred stone from Abraham which was sent by Allah |
| Medina | The location where the first Muslims practiced |
| The Hegira | The journey from Mecca to Medina which signified the beginning of the Islamic religion |
| The Hajj | The journey or pilgrimage a Muslim must make once in their lifetime as Muhammad did, to Mecca and the Kabaa |
| Bedouin | Nomadic tribes living in the Arabian Deserts who formed the first Muslims |
| Mineret | Tower structure on a mosque which would point the way to Mecca and hold the muezzin |
| Muezzin | holy person who calls out the prayers at a mosque |
| Caliph | Deputies or leaders of Islam after Muhammad |
| Umayyad | 1st Ruling tribe or dynasty of the Islamic Empire |
| Abbasid | 2nd ruling tribe or dynasty of the Islamic Empire |
| Baghdad | Trading capital of Islam; begins Golden Age when it moves here |
| Battle of Tours | When Muslim forces are stopped from advancing into Europe |
| Sunni | Muslim sect who believe the leaders of Islam can be elected from the community |
| Umma | the idea of community in Islam |
| Ramadan | The month long period of fasting to absolve or get rid of your sins; pillar of Islam |
| Dome of the Rock | Mosque and Jewish Temple in Jerusalem where Muhammad ascended into heaven |
| Shiite | Muslim sect who believe the leader of Islam should be a descendant of Muhammad's family |
| 622 CE | First Muslims are named and the Hegira begins |
| 661 CE | Sunni-Shiite Split in Islam |
| 732 CE | The Battle of Tours |
| Al Zahrawi | Created an encyclopedia of medicine and invents new surgeries |
| Zero | Mathematical idea that nothingness exists because Allah comes from nothing and creates things - like numbers |
| Al Jabr | Creator of Algebra |
| Al Jazari | Creator of the Crank which allows people to lift heavy objects |
| Arabesque | Tile structures and art which are geometric and symmetrical |
| Astrolabe | Device used to navigate around the world by charting the stars |
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