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Chapter 32
World War II
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nonaggression Pact | An agreement in which nations promise not to attach one another |
| Blitzkrieg | "Lighting war"-a form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast-moving airplanes are followed by massive attacks with infantry forces |
| Charles de Gaulle | French general that set up a government-in-exile after the fall of France to the Nazis. He set forth with the goal to reconquer France |
| Winston Churchill | British Prime Minister in WWII. He vowed never to surrender to Hitler, and to fight the Nazis with everything Britain had |
| Battle of Britain | A series of battles between German and British air forces, fought over Britain in 1940-1941 |
| Atlantic Charter | A declaration of principles issues in August 1941 by British prime minister Winston Churchill and US President Franklin Roosevelt, on which the Allied peace plan at the end of WWII was based |
| Isoroku Yamamoto | Japan's greatest naval strategist. Called for the attack on the US fleet at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii |
| Pearl Harbor | US naval base in Hawaii. Japan held a surprise attack and destroyed the harbor on December 7, 1941. This attack led the US to enter WWII |
| Battle of Midway | A 1942 sea and air battle of WWII, in which American forces defeated Japanese forces in the central Pacific |
| Douglas MacArthur | US commander of Allied forces in the Pacific Ocean. Came up with the idea of "island hopping" to get around heavy Japanese fortifications to get to Japan |
| Battle of Guadalcanal | A 1942-1943 battle of WWII, in which Allied troops drove Japanese forces from the Pacific island of Guadalcanal |
| Aryan | To the Nazis, the Germanic peoples who formed a "master race" |
| Holocaust | A mass slaughter of Jews and other civilians, carried out by the Nazi government of Germany before and during WWII |
| Kristallnacht | "Night of Broken Class"-the night of November 9, 1938, on which Nazi storm troopers attacked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues throughout Germany |
| Ghetto | City neighborhoods in which European Jews were forced to live |
| "Final Solution" | Hitler's program of systematically killing the entire Jewish people |
| Genocide | The systematic killing of an entire people |
| Battle of Stalingrad | A 1942-1943 battle of WWII, in which German forces were defeated in their attempt to capture the city of Stalingrad in the Soviet Union |
| D-Day | June 6, 1944-the day on which the Allies began their invasion of the European mainland during WWII |
| Battle of the Bulge | A 1944-1945 battle in which Allied forces turned back the last major German offensive of WWII |
| Kamikaze | During WWII, Japaneses suicide pilots trained to sink Allied ships by crashing bomb-filled planes into them |
| Nuremberg Trials | A series of court proceedings held in Nuremberg, Germany, after WWII, in which Nazi leaders were tried for aggression, violations of the rules of war, and crimes against humanity |
| Demilitarization | A reduction in a country's ability to wage war, achieved by disbanding its armed forces and prohibiting it from acquiring weapons |
| Democratization | The process of creating a government elected by the people |
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tj03tayl
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