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WH folk sem 2
World History Semester 2 Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Opium War | a conflict between Britain and China lasting from 1839-1842 |
| Taiping Rebellion | A mid-19 century rebellion against the Qing Dynasty in China, led by Hong Xiuquan |
| Sphere of Influence | A foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities |
| Open Door Policy | A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which all nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China |
| Boxer Rebellion | 1900 rebellion in China, aimed at ending foreign influence in the country |
| Treaty of Kanagawa | an 1854 agreement between the US and Japan which opened two Japanese ports to US ships and allowed the US to set up an embassy in Japan |
| Russo-Japanese War | 1904-1905 conflict between Russia and Japan, sparked by the two countries efforts to dominate Manchuria and Korea |
| Annexation | the adding of a foreign region to territory of an existing political unit |
| Caudillos | a military dictator of a Latin American country |
| Monroe Doctrine | a US policy of opposition to European interference in Latin America, announced by pres. James Monroe in 1823 |
| Jose Marti | A writer who had been exiled, returned to fight for Cuban independence |
| Spanish American War | A 1898 conflict between the US and Spain in which the US supported Cubans fight for independence |
| Panama Canal | A man-made waterway connecting the US and opened in 1914 |
| Roosevelt Corollary | FDR 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, in which he declared that the US had the right to exercise “police power” throughout the western hemisphere |
| Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | Played a leading role in Mexico’s fight for independence from Spain in 1821 |
| Triple Alliance | Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy |
| Kaiser Wilhelm II | German ruler during WWI |
| Triple Entente | Britain, France, and Russia |
| Schieffen Plan | defeat France and then attack Russia |
| Central Powers | Ottomans, Germany, Bulgaria, Austria-Hungary |
| Allies | Great Britain, France, Russia, Japan |
| Trench Warfare | fighting in a dugout/ ditch |
| Eastern Front | Russians/Serbs v. Ottomans/Turks |
| Unrestricted Submarine Warfare | Germans would sink any ship without warning |
| Propaganda | one-sided information designed to persuade |
| Woodrow Wilson | President of US, designed 14 points |
| 14 Points | plan for achieving lasting peace |
| Self-Determination | allow people to decide what gov’t to live under |
| League of Nations | international association to keep peace in the world |
| Alexander II | 1881 czar, believed in “autocracy, orthodoxy, and nationality |
| Trans-Siberian Railway | world’s longest continuous rail line |
| Bolsheviks | small numbers of revolutionaries who wanted radical change |
| Lenin | Leader of Bolsheviks |
| Duma | Russia’s first parliament |
| Rasputin | self-described holy man, spread corruption throughout court |
| Soviets | local councils consisting of workers, peasants, and soldiers |
| Joseph Stalin | worst ruler of Russia, known as “man of steel” |
| Totalitarianism | total control of every aspect of public and private life |
| Command Economy | system where government controls all economic decisions |
| Great Purge | campaign of terror, crimes against the soviet state |
| Socialist Realism | praised soviet life and communist values |
| Kuomintang | Nationalist party led by Sun Yixian |
| Mao Zedong | schoolteacher, leader of communist movement |
| Chiang Kai-shek | known as Jiang Jieshi, new leader of nationalist party |
| Long March | communist effort to evade the nationalists |
| Mohandas Gandhi | leader of the Indian independence movement |
| Civil disobedience | deliberate and public refusal to obey an unjust law |
| Albert Einstein | scientist who developed theory of relativity |
| Sigmund Freud | Australian physician who believed human behavior was irrational |
| Friedrich Nietzsche | reason, democracy, and progress hindered creativity |
| Surrealism | art movement that linked world of dreams with real life |
| Frank Lloyd Right | architect who developed functionalism |
| Emma Goldman | spoke in favor of birth control |
| Charles Lindbergh | 33 hour flight from New York to Paris |
| KDKA | first commercial radio station |
| Coalition Government | temporary alliance of several parties |
| Weimar Republic | German democratic republic set up in 1919 |
| Dawes Plan | gave 200 million to stabilize German mark and help economy |
| Black Tuesday | the low of the great depression, 16million stocks sold |
| Franklin D. Roosevelt | president who called for government intervention to help people |
| New Deal | public works project to provide jobs for unemployed people |
| Benito Mussolini | Italian physicist leader, aka II Duce |
| Adolf Hitler | German leader wrote Mein Kempf aka de Fuhrer |
| Appeasement | giving into an aggressor to keep peace |
| Access powers | Germany, Italy, Japan |
| Isolationism | political ties to other countries should be avoided |
| Munich Conference | allowed Germany to take over Sudetenland |
| Nonaggression Pact | Germany & Russia wouldn’t attack each other & split Poland |
| Blitzkrieg | “lightning war” |
| Maginot Line | French fortifications along German Border |
| Sitzkrieg | “sitting war” |
| Ardennes | heavily wooded area in France & Luxemburg |
| Winston Churchill | British Prime Minister said, “we shall never surrender” |
| Operation Sea Lion | 1940, knock out RAF & then storm England w/ soldiers |
| Battle of Britain | fighting between England & Germany which destroyed London |
| Operation Barbarossa | 1941, German invasion of Russia |
| Atlantic Charter | FDR & Churchill meeting, upheld free trade & democracy |
| Pearl Harbor | Dec. 7, 1941, ”…date which will live in infamy” |
| Battle of Midway | turning point of the Pacific Theater |
| Douglas MacArthur | Pacific commander of Allied forces, wanted to “island-hop” |
| Holocaust | mass genocide of the Jews |
| Kristallnacht | Nazis destroy Jewish businesses & murdered 100 Jews |
| Erwin Rommel | “Desert Fox” German general in Africa |
| Bernard Montgomery | British general in Africa |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower | US general who led Operation Torch |
| Battle of Stalingrad | 1942, Russian battle, USSR refused to surrender city |
| D-Day | June 6, 1944, Operation Overload, allies landed in France |
| Battle of the Bulge | Final push of German army against the Allies |
| Manhattan Project | developed the atom bomb |
| Nuremburg Trials | world court tried Nazis for ear crimes |
| Demilitarization | disarming of country |
Created by:
NatBean
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