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Unit 8 Vocabulary
Industrial Revolution - Imperialism
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Industrial Revolution | the shift, beginning in England during the 18th century, from making goods by hand to making them by machine. |
Industrialization | the development of industries for the machine production of goods |
Crop Rotation | the system of growing a different crop in a field each year to preserve the fertility of the land. |
Urbanization | the growth of cities and the migration of people into them |
Capitalism | an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state |
Entrepreneur | a person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business. |
Laissez Faire | the idea that government should not interfere with or regulate industries and businesses. |
Union | an association of workers, formed to bargain for better working conditions and higher wages |
Strike | to refuse to work in order to force an employer to meet certain demands |
Socialism | an economic and social system in which the government owns and controls the means of production (as factories) and distribution of goods |
Communism | an economic system in which all means of production - land, mines, factories, businesses, etc., are owned by the people, private property does not exist, and all goods and services are shared equally. |
Imperialism | a policy in which a strong nation seeks go dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially. |
Annexation | the adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit |
Social Darwinism | the application of Charles Darwin's idea about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as justification for imperialist expansion. |