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WWI
Final Exam study cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| underlying causes of WWI | imperialism, nationalism, militarism and failure of alliance systems |
| Imperialism | rivalries over African and Asian colonies |
| Militarism | Naval Arms Race-nations compete to build the most modern battleships; conscription used to build up military; militray plans developed in the eventuality of war |
| Alliance system | system established for mutual support led to manty conflicts |
| Schlieffen Plan | German military plan to fight a two-front watr with France and Russia; called for an attack of Russia through neutral Belgium |
| Archduke Francis Ferdinand(June 28, 1914) | assasinated by Serbian Nationalist, Gaurilo Princip a member of the Black Hand Terrorist organization |
| Austria(alliance system) | presents Serbia with an ultimatum that makes on Serbia that compromised their sovereignty |
| Serbia(alliance system) | Serbia considers the ultimatum unreasonable; they only comply with certain parts; confirm Russiam allaince |
| Russia(alliance system) | Russia confirm their alliance with Serbia; decide to mobilize for war but also confirm France alliance |
| Germany(alliance system) | give support to Austria and implement Schlieffen Plan - attacking neutral Belgium; also mobilize against Russian threat |
| France(alliance system) | threatened by Germany and are forced to mobilize; confirm alliance with Great Britain; |
| Great Britain | decide to support Belgium against Germany; War begins in August |
| Enthusiam for War | belligerents were naively romantic enthusiasm for the adventure of war |
| War of Attrition | describes the western front;both sides seek to wear down the other side heavly casualties |
| Allies | Great Britain, US, France, Italy,Russia and Serbia |
| Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria |
| US entry | May 7, 1915-German submarines sunk the Lusitania, killing 100 Americans |
| Russian withdrawl | Bolshevik Revolution n 1917 caused Russia to withdraw from the war; allowed Germany to concentrate on the Western Front |
| propaganda | spread of ideas to influence public opinion; used to enusure support for war effort |
| Triple Entente | Great Britain, France and Russia |
| total war | complete mobilization of a countries people and resources |
| WWI ends | German socialists sign a ceasefire on November 11,1918 |
| mobilization | process of assembling troops and supplies for war |
| Brest-Litovsk Treaty | Russia signed treaty with Germany and retreated from the War |
| German final offensive in spring 1918 failed b/c | fresh American troops boosted morale; tanks were used to get through no man's land; new tactics renewed mobile warfare; |
| Last Year of the War(1918) | Germans made a final offensive led by Erich von Ludendorff; it failed and Allies began to make their way towards Germany; German officials attempt to make constitutional changes to seem more frinedly to Allies-ineffective; William II abdicateed Nov.9 |
| Armistice | After William II abidicated, socialists under Fredirch Eblert announced the establishment of a republic; November 11 they signed an armistice, ending the war |
| Treaty of Versailles | Territorial changes; prevention of aggression; reparations; war guilt |
| Reasons for German defeat | Germany under Erich von Ludendorff attempted a final push that was stopped at Chateau in the 2nd battle of the Marne; German gamble failed and Allies launched a counter-attack in Argenne forest and pushed towards Germany with fresh American troops |
| territorial changes of Versailles Treaty | France regains Alsace-Lorraine; Germany demilitarizes Rhineland; Austria-Hungary split and territory created Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia and Poland; Russia loses land in Brest-Litosky; Poland established from extra land |
| prevention of aggression changes of Versailles Treaty | limiting Germany's army to 100,000 and no conscription; no navy or air force; de-militarized Rhineland |
| reparations of Versailles Treaty | Germany returns a land taken;Germany pays for property-$33 billion; Autria and Germany have to pay; |
| war guilt of Versailles Treaty | Germany had to admit to causing the war |
| League of Nations | international organization set up to promote world peace; although the original idea was proposed by Wildrow Wilson,this organization was never acknowledged by US |
Created by:
faygirl
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