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Chp. 9 - Crusades
Term / Definition
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| bedouins | small group of nomadic people. |
| Muhammad | Prophet of Islam whom Muslims recognize as Allah's messenger to all humankind. |
| hegira | Muhammad's journey from Mecca to Medina. |
| Islam | a monotheistic religion whose prophet is Muhammad and whose holy book is Quar'an. |
| Muslims | followers of Islam. |
| Qur'an | the sacred text of islam. |
| Five Pillars of Islam | behaviors and obligations that are common to all Muslims. |
| mosque | a building fro Muslim prayer. |
| jihad | "struggle for the faith" can be thought of as an individual or common struggle. |
| Abu Bakr | 1st Muslim caliph as a close companion and successor. |
| caliph | successor to the prophet,title given to the political and religous leader of Muslims. |
| caliphate | area ruled by caliph. |
| Umayyad | 1st ruling of dynasty over the Muslim caliphate. |
| Sunnis | "people who follow the Sunna"the largest branch of Islam. |
| Shia | a branch of Islam whose adherents believe that the caliphate must go to a descendant of Muhammad. |
| Sufis | a branch of Islam emphasizing a personal, mystical connection with God. |
| Abbasid | dynasty that overthrew Umayyad dynasty to the Muslim caliphate from 750 to 1258. |
| Harun al-Rashid | 5th Abbasid dynasty, under his rule the Abbasid dynasty reached it's height, |
| minarets | towers attached to the outside of mosque from where crier calls Muslims to worship. |
| calligraphy | the art of fine handwriting, |
| Ibn Khaldun | Muslim writer, he wrote the Muqaddimah which traced history of the Muslim world. |
| Ibn Rushd | Spanish-Arab philosopher, also known as Averroes influenced by Aristotle, his best known writings explore the relationship between reason and faith. |
| Ibn Sina | Persian philosopher and physician, also known as Avicenna noted as medical scholar, he contributed to many other fields of study. |
| Rumi | Persian poet , he was a Sufi order whose members use music and dancing in their rituals. |
| Astrolabe | an instrument for determining the positions and movement of heavenly bodies. |
| Omar Khayyam | Persian poet, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher author of "The Rubaiyat" a collections of poems about a man who celebrates the simple pleasures of life. |
Created by:
kaileepetty
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