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Chapter 9: Islam

TermDefinition
Bedouins Nomadic Arab people.
Muhammad Prophet of Islam whom Muslims recognize as Allah's messenger to all humankind. His teaching form the basis of Islam.
Hegira Muhammad's journey from Mecca to Medina.
Islam Faith of the Muslims. Means "Achieving peace through submission to God."
Muslims Followers of Islam.
Qur'an The sacred text of Islam.
Five Pillars of Islam The five basic acts of worship that are central to Islam and that Muhammad himself fulfilled.
Mosque The building were Muslims worship.
Jihad A word that can be translated as "Struggle for the faith." Jihad can also mean the struggle to defend the Muslim community, or historically, to convert people to Islam. The word has also been translated as "holy war."
Abu Bakr First Muslim caliph; as a close companion and successor to Muhammad, he unified the restive Bedouin tribes of central Arabia into a strong fighting force the he led into Iraq and Syria.
Caliph Successor.
Caliphate Area ruled by a caliph.
Umayyad The powerful clan of Mecca.
Sunnis "Followers of the Sunna," or "Way of the Prophet."
Shia "Party of Ali."
Sufis They seek a mystical, personal connection with God. They use a range of practices, including breath control and meditation, in their rituals.
Abbasid A family who seized an opportunity when the Umayyads were weakened by discontent, the time was ripe for rebellion.
Harun al-Rashid Fifth Abbasid caliph (ruled 786 to 809); under his rule, the Abbasid dynasty reached its height and Islamic culture experienced a flowering.
Created by: MaKayla Gierke
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