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Chapter 25 WWI
AP WH vocab terms for WWI
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Woodrow Wilson | convinced Americans to enter WWI to end existing European imperialism by calling for self-determination and a League of Nations |
| Archduke Franz Ferdinand | heir to the Austrian throne whose assassination by Serbian nationalists set off a series of military maneuverings that because of the complex alliance systems, drew most of Europe and their empires into WWI |
| Black Hand | Serbian nationalist group that used bombings and assassinations to weaken Austrian control over the Balkans in hopes of carving out a Serbian empire |
| Soviet Union | federation of Russia and 14 Eastern European & Central Asian provinces united by communist Bolsheviks under Lenin committed to spreading Marxist ideology globally |
| League of Nations | international organization established after WWI to provide a forum to settle disputes among nations peacefully or by collective force; the US Senate refused to ratify on constitutional grounds of usurping Congress's power to declare war |
| Pan Arab-ism | movement by Arab anti-imperialists to form a collective alliance against European influence in the Middle East in the face of Ottoman decline |
| Self-determination | proposal by Woodrow Wilson to create a process by which colonies and territories of European empires would vote to determine their own path politically & economically |
| Lusitania | British luxury ocean liner secretly carrying arms from the US to England in violation of neutrality claims; sinking by German U-boats outraged US citizens and gradually led to US entry in WWI |
| Treaty of Brest-Litovsk | treaty with Germany signed by the newly established Bolshevik government following the Russian Revolution that ended their participation in the war, angering the US and its allies |
| propaganda | biased, misleading, false information created by government agencies to promote a nationalistic/patriotic point of view as part of the Total War concept to mobilize support of the draft |
| Fourteen Points | goals of Woodrow Wilson to settle WWI, including self-determination, ending of the Mandate System, and a League of Nations to avoid future wars caused by alliances |
| Treaty of Versailles | document enforcing harsh sanctions on Germany: it was forced to accept blame for the war and pay England & France $billions in reparations, demobilize its military, and give up its colonies; sowed the seeds for the rise of the Nazi party |
| Decolonization | the slow process of undoing European imperialism's territorial gains, sometimes voluntarily, but often by nationalistic uprisings, protests, and violent revolts |
| Mandate System | system devised by England & France to gain control of the territories of the former Ottoman & German empires globally by claiming that annexation was not a goal; they would manage the territories until natives were "capable" of self-rule |
| Bolsheviks | Marxist urban revolutionaries under Lenin & Trotsky, who seized control of the Russian empire following the abdication of Czar Nicholas II and instituted the first communist nation |
| The Lost Generation | term used by expatriate American writers such as Ernest Hemingway & F. Scott Fitzgerald to symbolize the generation that served and died in WWI under false pretenses of fighting for 'freedom' |
| Balfour Declaration | statement issued by the British government supporting Zionist goals for a Jewish homeland in Palestine; this angered Arabs who assisted in the defeat of the Ottomans and hoped to establish an Arab-controlled region |
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wm0397
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