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Greece and Rome
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| complex, highly organized social order | civilization |
| government in which the people hold ruling power | democracy |
| system of government in which representatives are chosen by the people; a form of democracy | republic |
| 1st written laws of Rome | Twelve Tables |
| political unit made up of a city the surrounding lands.; also know as polis | city-state |
| Greek word for hill; place for government buildings | acropolis |
| two major city-states | Athens; Sparta |
| "best men"; later became privileged class | aristocrats |
| someone who illegally took power; late came to mean absolute, unjust ruler | tyrants |
| government in which people take part | democracy |
| type of democracy practiced in United States | representative |
| leader in Athens when Athens reached its peak of power and wealth | Pericles |
| war between Sparta and Athens | Peloponnesian War |
| Phillip's son who conquered the Persian Empire | Alexander the Great |
| the age of world wide Greek culture after Alexander | Hellenistic |
| long poems about heroes and events | epic |
| epic poem written by Homer about Odysseus's travels after the Trojan War | Odyssey |
| traditional stories about gods, goddesses, heroes that were used to explain the natural world | myths |
| building at top of Acropolis which was built as a temple to Athena, which is considered the finest example of Greek | Parthenon |
| study of basic questions of reality and human existence | philosophy |
| these men wanted to discover natural laws, or truths, through reason | philosophers |
| the philosopher used questioning to force students to question their ideas and values; he was executed for his teachings | Socrates |
| this philosopher was a student of Socrates; used dialogue to deal with questions of government, education, justice, religion; he he believed the "Divine Worker" (God) conceived realm of perfect "Forms" and that humans have body and soul | Plato |
| this philosopher was a student of Plato; he is known for logical methods that organized and classified information | republic |
| an absolute ruler | dictator |
| the means "I forbid" | veto |
| this system prevents any one part of the government from becoming too powerful; US adopted this system; veto is example | checks and balances |
| powerful landowners who controlled government; nobility who inherited power in Rome | patricians |
| this group comprised most of the Roman population; farmers && workers who make up this group eventually gained some power | plebians |
| major army unit of 4500-6000 citizens | legion |
| wars between the Carthaginians (people of Carthage) and the Romans | Punic Wars |
| general who emerged as dictator of Rome, then was assassinated by the Senate, including his ally Brutus | Julius Caesar |
| rule of three | Triumvirate |
| Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus | 1st Triumvirate |
| date of Caesar's assassination | the Ides of March |
| Caesar's nephew who became first Roman Emperor; he was known as Caesar Augustus | Octavian |
| period of the Roman Empire that lasted more than 200 years, known as the "Roman Peace" | Pax Romana |
| roman water systems | aqueducts |
| belief in multiple gods | polytheistic |
| Roman emperor who declared his support for Christianity | Constantine |
| Patriarch of Rome. Head of the Catholic Church | pope |
| Greek for "City State' | polis |
| Brought glory to Rome and hoped to strengthen the empire and dempcracy | Pericles |
| 300 legislative body made up of the wealthy and upper class of Rome | senate |
| 500+ legislative body in Athens | assembly |
| Legislative body of Anicent Rome which represented the plebeian class of Rome | tribunes |
Created by:
roger.pena
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