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Chapter 6 Rome
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Republic | an elected official governs the state |
| Patricians | heads of a few aristocratic families |
| Plebeians | the common people at the beginning of Romes republic |
| Veto | ban laws that seemed harmful or unjust to the plebeians |
| Forum | a central square on 12 large bronze tablets where all the laws were written down |
| Constitution | a political structure |
| Senate | a body of 300 members, they advise elected officials, control public finances and handle all foreign relations |
| Consuls | two magistrates that took over the last king of Romes place |
| Dictator | an office that gave its holder nearly unlimited power, could only be held in power for six months |
| Triumvirate | rule of three men |
| Pax Romana | the period from the beginning of Augustus's reign in 27 BC until the death of the last Good Emperors in AD 180 |
| Gracchi | roman statesmen, tried to help ex-soldiers in Rome by redistributing public land to small farmers. The Roman elite reacted violently to these actions and killed the brothers |
| Gaius Marius | roman statesmen, tried to help ex-soldiers in Rome by redistributing public land to small farmers. The Roman elite reacted violently to these actions and killed the brothers |
| Lucius Cornelius Sulla | roman general and politician, he became consul in 88 BC, led a civil war against Marius and his followers. emerged victorious and became dictator |
| Julius Ceaser | roman general and one of the greatest military leader in history, he conquered most of Gaul and was named dictator for life in Rome. He was later murdered by a group of senators who opposed his enlarged powers |
| Augustus | first emperor of Rome, he established the Second Triumvirate with Mark Antony and Lepidus. He created the imperial system of administration, established new coinage, and encouraged trade |
| Villa | a country home that usually rich citizens owned, it included conveniences such as running water and baths |
| Circuses | chariot races took place during this and served as a form of entertainment for the romans |
| Paterfamilias | family father, who was the oldest living male and had extensive powers over other members of the family |
| Aqueducts | man-made channels used to bring water to the cities |
| Latin | the language of Rome |
| Civil Law | a form of law based on a written code of laws |
| Augurs | priest who specialized in interpreting signs |
| Ptolemy | one of Alexander the Great's generals, he founded a dynasty that ruled Egypt for nearly 300 years |
| Galen | greek physician, he wrote several volumes that summarized all the medical knowledge of his day |
| Christianity | teaching of Jesus of Nazareth developed and it became a new religion |
| Messiah | a spiritual leader who, according to prophecy, would restore the ancient kingdom and bring peace to the world |
| Disciples | a small group of followers |
| Apostles | 12 disciples whom Jesus had specially chosen, these 12 men were the earliest Christian missionaries |
| Martyrs | people who die for their faith and inspire others to believe |
| Eucharist | a ceremony held in memory of Jesus's last supper with his disciples, wine is drank and bread is ate in memory of his death and resurrection |
| Bishop | the most important official of the early Christian Church |
| Popes | later bishops of Rome, were seen as Peter's spiritual heirs |
| Jesus of Nazareth | first century Jewish teacher and prophet, he founded Christianity and taught about kindness and love of God. His teachings spread through the Roman empire and eventually the rest of the world |
| Paul | apostle to the Gentiles, he worked to spread Jesus's teachings and wrote letters that explained key ideas of Christianity |
| Inflation | dramatic rise in prices |
| Diocletian | roman emperor from 284 to 305, he divided the roman empire into eastern and western halves |
| Attila | king of the Huns from 434 to 453, he invaded parts of the roman empire, devastating the Balkan countries and northern Greece when promised tribute was not paid. Plague and famine helped forestall his invasion of Italy |
Created by:
averygarris
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