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Pathology for Mx
NCETMB Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pathology | The study of disease |
| Pathogen | Any disease causing agent |
| Local Signs of Infection | Redness, heat, pain and swelling |
| Systemic Signs of Infection | Fever, lethargy, body aches |
| Symptom | Subjective description of pain or discomfort given by the person experiencing the pain |
| Sign | Objective findings based on examination and testing by someone other than the person experiencing the pain |
| Syndrome | A collection of signs and symptoms |
| Communicable | A contagious disease spread from person to person |
| Carrier | An asymptomatic person who shows no sign or symptom of a contagious disorder, but transmits the disease to others |
| Pathogenesis | 3 stage development of disease: incubation, full blown, and recovery or death |
| Modes of Pathogenic Transmission | Direct physical contact, inoculation by animal or insect, contaminated food and water, and inhalation |
| Torticollis | Wry neck |
| Torticollis | A spasm of cervical muscles including SCM, scalene and upper trapz |
| Torticollis symptoms | Unilateral flexion of the head to the side of spasm with rotation to the opposite side |
| Torticollis cause | Nocturnal positioning, bruxism, chronic positioning |
| Trigeminal Neuralgia | Tic Doulouroux |
| Trigeminal Neuralgia | Compression of the cranial nerve V |
| Trigeminal Neuralgia symptoms | Extreme pain in scalp, face and mouth |
| Trigeminal Neuralgia cause | Idiopathic |
| Trigeminal Neuralgia tx | Contraindicated for massage during flare-up |
| Bells Palsy | Compression of cranial nerve VII |
| Bells Palsy symptoms | Paralysis of some or all facial mms |
| Bells Palsy cause | Idiopathic |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | Compression of the median nerve |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome symptoms | Numbness and tingling in the first three fingers, loss of function in the hand |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome cause | Repetitive strain injury, chronic positioning, pregnancy, inflammation of the flexor tendon sheath |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome tx | Cryotherapy and mx to encourage good circulation |
| Patellar Dislocation | Most common knee injury |
| Patellar Dislocation cause | Injury to one of anchoring mms (quadriceps) leaves patella unbalanced and able to track toward healthy quadriceps mms |
| Tx of Achiles Tendon Injury | In a 1st degree injury, tendon can be strengthened and stretched by performing antagonist movement of dorsiflexion |