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History Midterm
Identifications for History Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was Catal Huyuk? | Neolithic Settlement |
| When was Catal Huyuk active? | 7250-5400 |
| Where was Catal Huyuk? | Southern Anatolia |
| Why was Catal Huyuk important? | It was the first city and showed how agriculture can change society |
| What was the wheel? | Circle which helped develop transportation |
| When was the wheel invented? | 3500 BCE |
| Where was the wheel invented | In mesopotamia by Sumerians |
| Why was the wheel important? | It enabled people to haul goods over long distances increasing trade capability |
| What is caste? | Social hierarchy made of varnas and jati |
| When were castes developed? | ~1000 BCE |
| Where were castes developed? | Modern India; the Indus RIver Valley by the Aryans |
| Why are castes important? | Castes still exist in India and deeply influence the lives of Indians; it also helped develop social structure in India; also largely built off of in the Laws of Manu |
| What was the Zhou State | A Chinese dynasty |
| Where was the Zhou State? | Surrounding the Yellow River |
| When was the Zhou State? | 1122 BCE-256 CE |
| Why was the Zhou State important? | Foundation of Chinese thought: Counfucianism, Daoism, Zhou Classics |
| What is the Yellow River? | Fertile River |
| When did society develop around the Yellow River? | ~7,000 BCE |
| Where is the Yellow River? | In China above the Yangtze |
| Why is the Yellow River important? | It was an unpredictable river that had fertile soil which allowed agriculture, states, and dynasties to develop around it |
| What is Teotihuacan? | An agricultural village that turned into a city |
| When was Teotihuacan? | 200 BCE- 750 CE |
| Where was Teotihuacan? | Central America |
| Why was Teotihuacan important? | Pyramid of the Sun is the largest structure in Mesoamerica |
| What are the Andean highlands? | Mountains |
| When were the Andean highlands settled? | ~2,000 BCE |
| Where are the Andean Highlands? | Along the West Coast of South America |
| Why are the Andean Highlands significant? | The hosted many early societies including the Mochica and produced potatoes, llama meat, and alpaca wool |
| What was Mohenjo-Daro? | Major Harappan city |
| When was Mohenjo-daro? | High point 2500-2000 BCE |
| Where was Mohenjo-daro? | Along the Southern portion of the Indus River |
| Why was Mohenjo-daro important? | It was an immense city that had marketplaces, temples, public buildings, residential areas, and traded with other Harappan cities |
| Who were slaves in Shang China? | A significant portion of Chinese population who were mostly warriors captured during battles |
| Where were slaves in Shang China? | Surrounding the Yellow River |
| When were there slaves in Shang China? | 1766-1122 BCE |
| Why were slaves in Shang China important? | They performed hard labor like clearing fields, building walls, and other tasks that required a significant workforce |
| What is sorghum? | Cereal grain |
| When was sorghum domesticated? | 7500 BCE in Mesopotamia and 1000-500 BCE in Africa |
| Where was sorghum important? | Mesopotamia and Africa |
| Why was sorghum important? | It is one of the first domesticated plants |
| What were oracle bones? | Means of telling the future |
| When were oracle bones used? | Shang dynasty 1766-1122 BCE |
| Why were oracle bones important? | Offer a glimpse into the earliest chinese writing |
| Where were oracle bones used? | Yellow River area |
| Who was Gilgamesh | Mesopotamian king |
| When did Gilgamesh rule? | 2750 BCE |
| Where did Gilgamesh rule? | Uruk in Mesopotamia |
| Why was Gilgamesh important? | He is the subject of the oldest ever epic, the Epic of Gilgamesh which revealed much about ancient Mesopotamia |
| What is the Niger-Congo family? | A family of languages |
| When were Niger-Congo languages spoken? | After 4000 BCE |
| Where were Niger-Congo languages spoken? | West Africa |
| Why is the Niger-Congo family important? | Spoken by early Bantu peoples and is still the largest family of languages in west Africa |
| What was Napata? | City in Egypt |
| When was Napata? | 750-590 BCE |
| Where was Napata? | In Ancient Egypt |
| Why was Napata important? | It was a center of political, military, and religious authority |
| What was the Paleolithic Era? | Old Stone age |
| When was the Paleolithic Era? | 12,000 years ago |
| Why was the paleolithic era important? | This was when humans developed, but hunted and gathered |
| Where was the paleolithic era? | Homo sapiens started in Africa and spread using land bridges |
| Who was Nisa? | Khoisan woman |
| When did Nisa live? | Late 20th century |
| Where did Nisa live? | Kalahari desert |
| Why was Nisa important? | Showed that hunting and gathering didn't end thousands of years ago |
| What is Natufian society? | Hunting and gathering society |
| Where is the Natufian society? | The Eastern Mediterranian |
| What was the last ice age? | A period where most water on earth was frozen |
| When was the last ice age? | 20,000 years ago |
| Where was the last ice age? | Earth |
| Why was the last ice age important? | It created land bridges that allowed people to move from continent to continent |
| What was Nubia? | An area containing the Kingdom of Kush |
| When was Nubia important? | 750-664 BCE |
| Where was Nubia? | South of Egypt |
| Why was Nubia important? | Took over Egypt for a time |
| Who were Israelites? | 12 tribes of Hebrews |
| Where were Israelites? | Settles in Palestine (Israel) |
| When were Israelites important? | 1000-930 BCE |
| Why were Israelites important? | Built Jerusalem and dominated the Syrian/Sinai penninsula |
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