a walled, high-area surrounding Polis

an open area that served as a meeting place and market in early Greek city-states

in ancient Greece, state slaves

foot soldiers in ancient Greece

a form of government run by the people

Athenian statesman; he introduced the first civil democracy in Greece and created the Boule (c. 630-c. 560 BC)

a strongman who seized power by force and claimed to rule for the good of the people

Ancient Greek ruler often called the "father of democracy". He increased the size of the council that governed Athens to 500, and he reorganized Athenian tribes on a geographical rather than familial basis (died c. 570 BC)

all people vote directly on an issue

served as chief of state in Athens

a tight rectangle formation in which soldiers held long spears out ahead of a wall of shields

Athenian statesman; he encouraged the spread of democracy in Athens and the growth of the city-state's power. (c. 495-429 BC)

Greek philosopher of Athens; his teaching style was based on asking questions. He wanted to question their own beliefs. He was arrested and condemned to death for challenging authority (469-399 BC)

Greek philosopher; a student of Socrates, he started a school in Athens called the Academy. In The Republic he describes an ideal society run by philosopher-kings (c. 427-347 BC)

Greek philosopher and student of Plato; he taught that logic was the tool for any necessary inquiry; his work later became the basis for medieval scholasticism (384-322 BC)

the process of making inferences

Greek poet, he wrote the epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey, which tell stories set during and after the Trojan War (800s-700s BC)

named after a musical instrument called the lyre that was often played to accompany the reading of poems

Greek historian; his most famous work is The Histories, which describes major events of the Persian Wars (c. 484-c. 425 BC)

Greek Historian of Athens; he wrote The History of the Peloponnesian War. He is regarded as the first critical historian and is often ranked as the greatest historian of antiquity (c. 460-400 BC)

King of Macedon and conqueror of much of Asia; he is considered one of the greatest generals of all time(356-323 BC)

Greek geometer; he created practical books on geometric forms and mathematics. His work formed the basis for later European studies in geometry (died c. 1020)

Greek astronomer and geographer; he calculated the circumference of the globe using careful observations and simple geometry (c. 276-c. 194 BC)

Greek mathematician and inventor; he was known for his work in geometry, physics, and mechanics (287-212 BC)

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Chapter 5 Vocab

Term	Definition
Polis	city-state
Acropolis	a walled, high-area surrounding Polis
Agora	an open area that served as a meeting place and market in early Greek city-states
Helots	in ancient Greece, state slaves
Hoplites	foot soldiers in ancient Greece
Hubris	great pride
Democracy	a form of government run by the people
Solon	Athenian statesman; he introduced the first civil democracy in Greece and created the Boule (c. 630-c. 560 BC)
Tyrant	a strongman who seized power by force and claimed to rule for the good of the people
Cleisthenes	Ancient Greek ruler often called the "father of democracy". He increased the size of the council that governed Athens to 500, and he reorganized Athenian tribes on a geographical rather than familial basis (died c. 570 BC)
Direct Democracy	all people vote directly on an issue
Archon	served as chief of state in Athens
Phalanx	a tight rectangle formation in which soldiers held long spears out ahead of a wall of shields
Pericles	Athenian statesman; he encouraged the spread of democracy in Athens and the growth of the city-state's power. (c. 495-429 BC)
Socrates	Greek philosopher of Athens; his teaching style was based on asking questions. He wanted to question their own beliefs. He was arrested and condemned to death for challenging authority (469-399 BC)
Plato	Greek philosopher; a student of Socrates, he started a school in Athens called the Academy. In The Republic he describes an ideal society run by philosopher-kings (c. 427-347 BC)
Aristotle	Greek philosopher and student of Plato; he taught that logic was the tool for any necessary inquiry; his work later became the basis for medieval scholasticism (384-322 BC)
Reason	clear and ordered thinking
Logic	the process of making inferences
Homer	Greek poet, he wrote the epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey, which tell stories set during and after the Trojan War (800s-700s BC)
Lyric Poetry	named after a musical instrument called the lyre that was often played to accompany the reading of poems
Herodotus	Greek historian; his most famous work is The Histories, which describes major events of the Persian Wars (c. 484-c. 425 BC)
Thucydides	Greek Historian of Athens; he wrote The History of the Peloponnesian War. He is regarded as the first critical historian and is often ranked as the greatest historian of antiquity (c. 460-400 BC)
Alexander the Great	King of Macedon and conqueror of much of Asia; he is considered one of the greatest generals of all time(356-323 BC)
Hellenistic	Greeklike
Euclid	Greek geometer; he created practical books on geometric forms and mathematics. His work formed the basis for later European studies in geometry (died c. 1020)
Eratosthenes	Greek astronomer and geographer; he calculated the circumference of the globe using careful observations and simple geometry (c. 276-c. 194 BC)
Archimedes	Greek mathematician and inventor; he was known for his work in geometry, physics, and mechanics (287-212 BC)

Created by: austinvarner

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