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Chapter 3: Egypt
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Obelisks | Tall, thin pillars with pyramid-shaped tops |
Smelt | To melt or fuse metal in order to separate the metallic components |
Bureaucracy | A highly structured organization, often governmental, manged by officials |
Delta | A triangular region formed at the mouth of a river by deposits of silt |
Pharaoh | Ruler of ancient Egypt |
Theocracy | A government ruled by religious leaders who claim God's authority |
Papyrus | A paper-like material made by ancient Egyptians from the stem of the reedy papyrus plant, which grows in the Nile River delta |
Rosetta Stone | Stone found in 1799 that bears an inscription in hieroglyphics, demotic script, and Greek; gave the first clue to deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphics |
Cataracts | Rocky stretches in a river marked by rapid currents or waterfalls |
Mummification | The process of preserving the body with chemicals after death |
Hieroglyphics | A form of ancient writing in which picture symbols represents sounds |
Ramses the Great | Pharaoh of Egypt; he led his army against Hittite invaders of Egypt. He ruled Egypt with extravagance and built more temples and monuments than any other Egyptian Pharaoh |
Piankhi | King of ancient Kush; he led the Kushites north into Egypt, conquering all of Egypt and making himself Pharaoh |
Menes | First Pharaoh of Egypt; he is credited with uniting Upper and Lower Egypt and is said to have founded the city of Memphis, the capital of Unified Egypt |
Hatshepsut | Queen of ancient Egypt; she took the throne in place of her stepson, Thutmose III and during her reign, focused on temple-building projects and trade |