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N&ME Africa Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alluvial Soil | rich soil made up of sand and mud deposited by moving water. |
| Wadi | streambeds that remain dry until a heavy rain. |
| Phosphate | a chemical used in fertilizers |
| Oasis | a place in the desert where underground water surfaces. |
| Pastoralism | the raising and grazing of livestock, is a way of life for people who live in a steppe climate |
| Ethnic diversity | differences among groups based on their languages, customs, and beliefs |
| Infrastructure | basic urban necessities like streets and utilities |
| Domesticate | take them from the wild and make them useful to people |
| Culture hearth | centers where cultures developed and from which ideas and traditions spread outward |
| Cuneiform | wedge-shaped symbols written on wet clay tablets |
| Hieroglyphics | a form of picture writing |
| Monotheism | Belief in one god |
| Prophet | messengers |
| Mosque | a house of worship where Muslims pray |
| Nationalism | a belief in the right of an ethnic group to have its own independent country. |
| Nationalize | placed under government control |
| Embargo | a ban on trade |
| Ziggurat | large, mud-brick temples |
| Bedouin | desert nomads |
| Bazaar | traditional marketplace |
| Arable | suitable for farming |
| Commodity | economic goods |
| Petrochemical | products derived from petroleum or natural gas—to make fertilizers, medicines, plastics, and paints |
| Gross domestic product | the value of goods and services produced in a country in a year |
| Hajj | pilgrimage |
| Atlas Mountains | Africa’s longest mountain range; Africa’s longest mountain range; |
| Caucasus Mountains | rises north of Mount Ararat between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea. |
| Arabian Peninsula | To the east, the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden separate this Peninsula from Africa. |
| Persian Gulf | The Arabian Sea borders this on the south |
| Sinai Peninsula | the Gulf of Suez and the Gulf of Aqaba flanks this peninsula |
| Anatolia | points west to the Aegean Sea |
| Dead Sea | this sea sits at the mouth of Jordan river |
| Caspian Sea | the largest inland body of water on Earth; This sea laps the shores of both Asia and Europe. |
| Aral Sea | East of the Caspian Sea; it was the world’s fourth-largest inland sea |
| Nile River | The world’s longest river at 4,160 miles; Today more than 90 percent of Egypt’s people live in the Nile Delta or along the course of the river on only 3 percent of Egypt’s land. |
| Tigris River | eastern member of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia; flows mainly through Iraq |
| Euphrates River | flows mainly through Iraq; is 1/2 of the rivers that defines Mesopotamia |
| Sahara | the largest desert in the world at about 3.5 million square miles |
| Rub’ al-Khali | Empty Quarter; has the largest area of sand in the region. |
| Kara-Kum | Nomadic herds of sheep, goats, and camels graze on brush in Central Asia’s |
| Gulf of Aqaba | The gulf is east of the Sinai Peninsula and west of the Arabian Peninsula |
| Strait of Hormuz | a strait between the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf |
| Aswan High Dam | a dam built across the Nile at Aswan, Egypt |
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