Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Phleb. Entrance Exa
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Coagulation Testing - is performed on ___________ | plasma |
| These studies are collected in tubes containing an _____________ _______, which preserves the coagulation factors. | Anticoagulant Citrate |
| Coagulation tests which monitor _________________________ therapy are performed on patients with a history of strokes, heart attacks or thombophlebitis (blood clots) | Anticoagulant |
| Drugs to prevent ________ and aid in avoiding recurrence of the above-listed time must be carefully monitored. | Clotting |
| Clotting disorders such as ____________ (patients blood does not clot) must also be monitored. | Hemophilia |
| -Common Coagulation Tests- Activated _____________ time | Clotting |
| -Common Coagulation Tests- Activated partial _____________________ time | thromboplastin |
| -Common Coagulation Tests-_____________ time | Bleeding |
| -Common Coagulation Tests- _________ activity assays | Factor |
| -Common Coagulation Tests-_________ and ______ degradation tests | Fibrinogen & Fibrin |
| -Common Coagulation Tests-__________________ normalized ratio | International |
| -Common Coagulation Tests-_______________ time | Prothrombin |
| -Common Coagulation Tests-____________ clotting time | Thrombin |
| -Common Chemistry Tests & Panels-Most blood chemistry tests are performed on either _________ or _________ | Serum Plasma |
| -Common Coagulation Tests-In blood chemistry tests/panels, _____ is collected in a plain ___-top tube without _________________ or in a serum _____________ tube (SST) | Serum Red Anticoagulants Separator |
| -Common Coagulation Tests-The blood is allowed to clot for about ___ minutes before the serum is separated by a _____________ | 30 Centrifuge |
| -Common Coagulation Tests-In blood chemistry test/panels plasma is collected with tubes that contain either ________ or ____________ | Heparin Fluoride |
| -Chemistry 7- To assess basic ______ function; General _______________ screen/ ______ panel | Organ Metabolic Basic |
| ___________ Panel - To check for diabetes which is indicated by elevated levels of glucose | Glucose |
| Glucose Panel - FB Sugar | Fasting Blood Sugar |
| Glucose Panel - 2-Hour ______________ glucose | Postprandial |
| Glucose Panel - Glucose ______________ Test (GTT) | Glucose Tolerance Test |
| Glucose Panel - _______ Hemoglobin (_____) | Glycated HbA1c |
| To evaluate levels of ions in the blood, which indicate various conditions | Electrolyte Panel |
| Electrolyte Panel - What are the four Electrolyte to evaluate the level of ions? | Potassium, Chloride, Sodium, Bicarbonate |
| To assess liver health/function enzymes and bilirubin | Liver Function Panel 1 |
| Which function panel tests Alkaline Aminotransferase (ALT)? 2 | Liver Function Panel 2 |
| Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) | Liver Function Panel 3 |
| To assess kidney health/function enzymes and bilirubin | Renal Function Panel |
| Blood use nitrogen (BUN) | Renal Function Panel 1 |
| Creatinine | Renal Function Panel 2 |
| Creatinine clearance | Renal Function Panel 3 |
| Phosphorus and Calcium | Renal Function Panel 4 |
| Protein/Total Protein | Renal Function Panel 5 |
| Albumin | Renal Function Panel 6 |
| To assess risk of heart disease | Coronary Risk Panel |
| Cholesterol | Coronary Risk Panel 1 |
| Triglycerides | Coronary Risk Panel 2 |
| High-density lipoprotien (HDL) | Coronary Risk Panel 3 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | Coronary Risk Panel 4 |
| Myocardial Infarction (MI) Screen | To assess occurrence and timing of heart attack that has already happened |
| AST | creatine kinase (CK) |
| CK isoenzymes | Lactate dehydration (LDH) |
| Troponin | Cardiac Enzymes |
| To assess risk of cardiac event or stroke | Lipid Panel |
| Triglycerides | Lipid Panel 2 |
| Cholesterol | Lipid Panel 3 |
| LDL and HDL | Lipid Panel 4 |
| List the standard phlebotomy cart/tray contains the following blood collection equipment | needles, disposable containers for needles, needle holder, tubes with colors, syringes, butterfly needles, marking pens, tourniquets, antiseptic cleaning pads, gauze pads, bandages, gloves |
| If you need to reuse a tourniquet what can you do? | Disinfect it |
| What is an alternative if a patient is allergic to latex? | Velcro or blood pressure cuffs |
| Which pair of gloves have been proven to prevent transmission of infectious diseases? | Latex |
| What is an alternative pair of gloves is a phlebotomist or patient is allergic to latex? | Nitrile |
| A sharp needle will have a smooth entry into the skin with minimum pain to the patient. | Point |
| Angle; Eases the needles into the patients skin and prevents the needle from coring out a plug of tissue. | Bevel |
| Body of the needle; Needle shafts come in a variety of lengths | Shaft |
| What is the range length of venipuncture needles? | 3/4 - 1 1/2 inches in length |
| Which needles works better to ease the fear of patients? | Shorter needles |
| Which needle is easier to manipulate? | Longer needles |
| The hollow tube within the shaft of the needle | Lumen |
| The diameter of the lumen; needle packs are color-coded for easy identification | Gauge |
| The largest diameter used in phlebotomy is a __-gauge needle, typically used by "blood banks" to collect from donors | 16 |
| The smallest diameter used is a __-gauge needle, for collection from patients with small "fragile veins" | 23 |
| Which two gauges are used for adult patients who gets "routine blood samples" | 20-21 gauge |
| Place where the needle attaches to the collecting tube or syringe | Hub |
| For most blood collection | Multi-sample needles |
| A multi-sample needle is used which is a _________-_______ needle; one tip of the needle pierces the patient's skin while the other end is inserted into the _____________ tube | Double-ended Evacuation |
| a multi-sample needles have a ______________ ________ that covers the second tip when it is not inserted in the tube. | Retractable sleeve |
| A multi-sample needle remains __ patient's vein while the phlebotomist is able to exchange one tube for another | in |
| Multi-Sample Needle - the __________ sleeve keeps the blood from leaking onto or into the tube holder while changing tubes | Rubber |
| Patients with small or fragile veins benefit most from the use of a syringe because the vacuum of the collection tube is likely to cause the vein to collapse | Safety Syringe Needles 1 |
| With a syringe, suction can be applied slowly and gradually, so as to vacuum fragile veins as gently as possible | Safety syringe needles 2 |
| Safety syringe comes in a variety of sizes but the most common needle used is a __ gauge that is an inch long | 22 |
| Used for venipuncture or small and or fragile veins such as in the hands, in pediatric and or elderly patients and for patients with circulation conditions/problems (PVD, Raynaud's disease, etc) | Winged infusion sets (butterfly needles) |
| The butterfly needle allows greater _________ in placing and manipulating where the phlebotomist wants to draw the patients blood | Flexibility |
| What is the most common gauge used for winged string? (1/2 - 3/4 of an inch long) | 23 |
| Winged infusion sets (butterfly needles) are held by a plastic ______________-_____________ grip | butterfly-shaped |
| Winged infusion sets (butterfly needles) is connected to flexible _____ tubing & with the proper _______, can be connected to an __________ tube. | latex adapter evacuation |
| Most butterfly needles (winged infusion sets) are now designed to be used with _____________________ tubes | evacuation |
| Because most blood collections make use of a multi-sample needle and an evacuation collection tube, a __________ ____________ (____ ______) is used to ensure a good connection between them. | Needle Adapter |
| A needle adapter is a translucent plastic cylinder with one small end that accepts the needle, while the other end has a wide opening that accepts the ________________ tube | Collection |
| Needle adapters come in different ______ to ___ different tubes | sizes fit |
| To ensure a proper connection between the needle and the tube, adapters have a tube advancement mark indicating how far a tube can be pushed _______________ ______________ the vacuum. | Without losing |
| Evacuated tubes can be used with both the _______________ tube system and with the ______________ method of obtaining blood specimens. | Evacuated tube system Syringe Method |
| _______________ _______ can be used with both the evacuated tube system and with the syringe method of obtaining blood specimens. | Evacuated Tubes |
| Evacuated Tubes are the most direct and efficient method of obtaining a blood specimen because blood is collected ___________ into the tube during the venipuncture | Directly |
| Evacuation tubes can also be used for _____________________ blood from a syringe into the tubes. | Transferring |
| syringe needle is simply pushed through the top of the tube, and the blood is automatically pulled into the tube system because of the ______. | Vacuum |
| vacuum tube should be placed in a rack before pushing the needle into the tube top in order to prevent damage to the cellular components which causes ______________ | Hemolysis |
| What are the three components that are required in a Evacuated Tube System? | Evacuated sample tube Multi-sample needle Needle Holder |
| One end of the double-pointed needle enters the vein, the other end pierces the top of the tube and the ________ _____________ the blood. | Vacuum Aspirates |
| The evacuated tubes fill with blood automatically because of __________ that exists inside the tube. | Vacuum |
| The amount of vacuum is pre-measured so that the tube will draw a precise amount of blood; a tube that has lost its vacuum will ____ fill with blood | Not |
| _______-________ evacuation tubes aid the phlebotomist in ensuring that the physician's prescription is followed. | Color-coded |
| List three of the descriptions used in color-coding for blood draw tubes. | Type of blood draw Additive in the tube Specimen to be tested |
| The colored tube tops are either _____ rubber stoppers or rubber stoppers with ___________ _____ | Thick Plastic tops |
| The plastic top minimizes the chance of an __________ spray when the top is removed. | Aerosol |
| Most evacuation tubes are made of plastic, which is safer to transport and can withstand the _____ forces inside the _____________ | Inside Centrifuge |
| The exception to plastic tubes is ____-topped glass tubes, which are used only for _______ collection and contain ___ additives; they come in various sizes ranging from 2-15mL. | Red Serum No |
| The phlebotomist must be careful to match the needle size to the ____ size; the wrong size tube and needle combination could render the drawn sample useless. | tube |
| Evacuation Tube Size is selected in, what three ways? | age of the patient amount of blood needed for the test size and condition of the patient's vein |
| Each test requires a particular minimum sample volume; those volumes may range from less than _mL to __mL to __mL or more | 1mL to 10mL or more |
| Some evacuation tubes are coated on the inside with silicon to help prevent destruction of ____ | RBC's |
| Some evacuation tubes are coated on the inside with silicon to help prevent blood from _________ to the sides of the tube. | sticking |
| Some evacuation tubes are coated on the inside with silicon to prevent _____________ of clotting factors | activation |
| Evacuated tubes may or may not contain _____________. | additives |
| blood collected in tubes without additives will ____ and yield ________. | clot serum |
| Many tubes are specifically designed to-be used directly with ______________, _______________, or ______________________ instrumentation. | Chemistry, Hematology, Microbiology |
| Except for the ___ topped glass tube, which has ___ additives, all tubes contain at least one additive. | red no |
| Tube Additives include ____________________, ____ __________________, ______________________ gel to separate components, ________________ and _______________ of various cellular reactions to maintain the integrity of the specimen. | Anticoagulants, Clot Activators, Thixotropic gel, Preservatives, Inhibitors |
| Any tube containing an additive must be __________ and _____ immediately after removal from the needle adapter into the evacuated tube | inverted mixed |
| Turning the tube over and then back equals _____ inversion | one |
| Prevent clotting (coagulation) sodium or potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) binds calcium, which will inhibit coagulation of the blood | Anticoagulants |
| Other additives that bind calcium are _____________ __________, ______________ __________, sodium ________________ _________________ (SPS) | Sodium Citrate, Potassium Oxalate, Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS) |
| ____________ inhibits clotting by preventing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin | Heparin |
| Used for glucose determination; may be combined with sodium fluoride (inhibits glycolysis, which is a cellular reaction to harvest energy from glucose | Potassium Oxalate |
| Promote coagulation (clotting); thrombin increases clotting and is used for STAT serum chemistry or if the patient is on anticoagulants | Clot Activators |
| Substances such as glass or silica promote ______________ by providing more surface area for platelet activation | Clotting |
| Clot activators may be adhered to the _____ of the tube | side |
| Phlebotomist should invert the tube at least _______ times to make sure the drawn sample has come in contract with the activator | Five |
| inert, synthetic substance with a density in between that of cells and blood serum or plasma | Thixotropic Gel |
| Thixotropic gel - As a result when patient's blood is drawn and centrifuged the thixotropic gel turns to ________ and moves between the lower cell layer and the upper serum or plasma layer | liquid |
| Tube Additive - gel _________ after standing and forms a barrier between the two layers which allows for easy separation | Hardens |
| More often than not patients have more than one blood test ordered which means that more than ____ tube of blood is to be drawn from the patient | one |
| The same multi-sample needles can be used to fill multiple tubes for the same patient but precautions must be taken to ensure that material from an earlier tube is not ________________ to a later tube thus contaminating the sample | Transferred |
| The ____________ and _______________ __________________ _________________ has developed a set of standards for proper order of draw the order of draw is the same for syringe draws | Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute |
| The consensus of medical opinion on what is adequate patient care in a particular situation | Accepted standard of care |
| use precautions with patients known to have a serious illness that can be transmitted through airborne droplets | Airborne infection precautions |
| an allergic reaction to skin allergen contract | Allergic contract dermatitis |
| Substance being analyzed | Analyte |
| bedside dermal puncture to determine blood glucose level | Ancillary blood glucose test |
| area inside the elbow where the best veins for blood draw are located | Antecubital fossa |
| Additives that prevent blood from clotting | Anticoagulants |
| Patient's own blood donation collected fro use at a later time | Autologous Donation |
| Prominent vein in antecubital fossa; third choice for blood draw | Basilic Vein |
| Measures the amount of time it takes bleeding to stop after an incision is made | Bleeding Time (BT) Test |
| Infectious agents carried in the blood | Blood-borne pathogens |
| The presence of antigens on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) | Blood Type |
| Artery in the antecubital fossa | Brachial Artery |
| Small needle with flexible tube for delicate veins | Butterfly or Winged infusion set needle |
| Small tube use for hematocrit tests | Capillary Tube |
| Act of separating components of a sample based on density by using a machine that spins a sample at very high rate of speed | Centrifuge |
| Prominent vein in antecubital fossa; second choice for blood draw | Cephalic vein |
| A group of blood chemistry tests; most common is Chem 7 | Chemistry Panel |
| Additives that stimulate clotting | Clot Activators |
| Clotting | Coagulation |
| Used to test for conditions that affect the number and ratio of cell types in the blood; most common blood test | Complete Blood Count (CBC) |
| Used when a patient is known or suspected to have a serious illness that may be spread by direct contact | Contact Precautions |
| assesses the ratio of the different types of white blood cells and to look for changes in the RBCs and patients | Differential (diff) |
| used for patients who are known or suspected to transmit serious illness by large particle droplets (tuberculosis) | Droplet precautions |
| metal filing used to mix blood with additives in small tubes | Flea |
| Patient Privacy Act | Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act (HIPPA) |
| Determines the percentage of the blood volume that is RBCs | Hematocrit (HCT) |
| A swollen reddened area under the skin where blood collects | Hematoma |
| Increase in the ratio of formed elements in the plasma usually caused by leaving the tourniquet on too long | Hemoconcentration |
| Gives blood its red color because it contains iron; transports oxygen | Hemoglobin (Hgb) |
| Hemolysis | Destruction of RBCs |
| The process by which the body stops blood from leaking out of a wound | Hemostasis |
| A tube temporarily placed on the peripheral vein; may be used to administer medicine or draw blood | Heparin or Saline lock |
| Monitors and evaluates the quality of patient care; institution will lose Medicare funding if it has not been accredited by JCAHO | Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations |
| Used to attach a butterfly needle to an evacuation tube | Luer Adapter |
| The hollow tube part of the needle | Lumen |
| Provide information on chemicals their hazards and procedures for cleanup and first aid | Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) |
| prominent vein in antecubital fossa; first choice for blood draw | Median Cubital Vein |
| Small tube used to collect dermal puncture samples | Microcollection Tube "bullet" |
| Large glass capillary tube | Micropipette |
| a double-ended needle designed to be used with an evacuation tube system | Multi-sample needle |
| Translucent plastic cylinder connecting a multi-sample needle to an evacuated tube | Needle adapter |
| blocked | occluded |
| Regulates safety in the workplace | OSHA |
| A prescribed sequence in which tubes with different additives should be filled during a multi-tube collection | Order of draw |
| probing and feeling | palpation |
| infectious organism | pathogen |
| gowns, masks, respirators, face shields, shoe covers and gloves | Personal protective equipment |
| red spots appearing on the skin that are caused by a tourniquet that is too tight | petechiae |
| digestion of blood-borne microorganisms that cause infections | Phagocytosis |
| The practice of drawing blood | Phlebotomy |
| the yellow-colored liquid component of blood in which blood cells are suspended | plasma |
| policies and procedures designed to ensure the delivery of high-quality patient care and specimen analysis | Quality Phlebotomy |
| flow of blood from the collection tube back through the needle and into the patient's vein | reflux |
| plasma without its clotting factors; tests performed on serum are called serology | serum |
| needles, lancets, broken glass, and other sharp items | sharps |
| infection control that uses a protective barrier to prevent direct skin contact with blood, body fluids and tissues from all persons | Standard precautions |
| A request for immediate attention and processing | STAT |
| an instrument used to inject or withdraw fluids it is a simple piston pump consisting of a plunger that fits tightly in a tube; open end of the syringe may by fitted with a hypodermic needle a nozzle or tubing | Syringe |
| removal of blood (blood letting) as part of a treatment for a disorder | Therapeutic phlebotomy |
| an inert additive used to separate cells from plasma during centrifuging | Thixotropic gel |
| clot formation in a blood vessel | Thrombosis |
| placed on a needle adapter to indicate how far the tube can be pushed in without losing vacuum pressure | tube advancement mark |
Created by:
1StellarStar
Popular Phlebotomy sets