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PCS Global 9B
Vocabulary 2016 - 2017
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Hinduism | The Vedas are considered sacred. There is one God who takes many forms. The goal of this religion is to achieve Moksha and one can do this through having good Karma and Dharma and through reincarnation. Ahimsa, or nonviolence is observed. |
Government | the group of people that has power to make laws and important decisions for a community, state, or nation |
Empire | a group of once separate areas ruled by a single person or government |
Christianity | Religion that started around 30 CE in Palestine after the death of Jesus, a Jew; Belief that Jesus is the son of God and the redeemer of humankind; the bible is the holy test, Ten Commandments |
Judaism | Religion that started around 2000 BCE in Palestine where they believe in one God, the Ten Commandments, and their holy test is the Torah |
Dynasty | a series of rulers from the same family or group |
Belief System | a set of ideas and practices that help explain the origins of life, what happens after people die, and how to live a good life (note: all religions are belief systems, but not all belief systems are religions.) |
Legalism | a school of a Chinese philosophy that grew popular during the Warring States era. Social harmony is achieved strict laws, a strong central control and absolute obedience to authority. Goal of increasing the power of the ruler and the state. |
Buddhism | Taught one to seek the middle path through meditation. Understanding the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path would help one reach the goal of Nirvana. Started in Northern India (present day Pakistan) in 500s BCE. |
Daoism | Began in China 500 BCE; belief in following natural spontaneity, desire for harmony, and the sense of the absurd, and to follow "The Way" |
Confucianism | His students gathered his ideas in a book called the Analects. This philosophy taught proper conduct through the Five Relationships - respect for parents, ancestors, teachers, and rulers. Good government was important |
Polis | Greek word that means city-state |
Corroborate | to confirm, verify, validate mean to attest to the truth or validity of something |
Monotheism | worship of only one God |
Republic | is a sovereign state or country which is organized with a form of government in which power resides in elected individuals representing the citizen body and government leaders exercise power according to the rule of law |
Consolidate | Make (something) physically stronger or more solid or to combine (a number of things) into a single more effective or coherent whole |
Animism | The attribution of a soul to plants; inanimate objects, and natural phenomena; the belief in a supernatural power that organizes and animates the material universe |
Caliphate | The political-religious state comprising the Muslim community and the lands and peoples under its dominion in the centuries following the death (632 CE) of the Prophet Muhammad and is ruled by a caliph |
Islam | Belief in one all-powerful compassionate God (Allah). Muhammad was the prophet of this religion and its Five Pillars. It started in Arabia around 620 CE. |
Human Rights | Rights identified as being held by ALL humans from birth by virtue of belonging to a civil society; rights such as freedom of speech, right to vote, practice a religion, right to equal treatment before the law and freedom from abuse by public authority |
Zionism | Quest for a Jewish national state in Palestine. |
Diaspora | The movement, migration, or scattering of a people away from an established or ancestral homeland (ex. Jews from Palestine) |
Cultural Diffusion | The gradual spread of cultural features between different groups of people. This can take the form of technology, language, religion, etc. |
Hierarchy | A system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority |
Ethnocentrism | Belief in the intrinsic superiority of the nation, culture, or group to which one belongs |
Filial piety | In Confucian philosophy, it is a virtue of respect for one's parents, elders, and ancestors |
Feudalism | A political, economic and social system existing in medieval Europe in which people worked and fought for nobles who gave them protection and land in return |
Secular | Denoting attitudes, activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis; worldly |