Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Newborn 2
Pediatrics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Most common fracture resulting from birth trauma is to the: | clavicle |
| Epstein pearls = | benign white beady papules on the hard palate (keratin cysts) |
| Cloudy cornea from cataracts or glaucoma | Leukocoria |
| Tachypnea in an infant is a rate >__ | 60 |
| What are signs of respiratory distress in an infant | Tachypnea, retractions, grunting |
| Transient tachypnea of the newborn is from retained secretions, and usually resolves within: | 24-36 hours |
| Murmurs heard at birth should be considered __ in etiology until proven otherwise | Valvular |
| Congenital heart disease is present in what percent of infants? | 0.8% |
| __ due to PACs is not uncommon in the first few days of life | Irregular heart rate |
| Newborn has excessive drooling and choking with attempted feeding. Dx by CXR after placement of NG tube. Surgical tx required. Dx = | Tracheo-esophageal fistula |
| Abdominal wall defect to right of umbilicus. Intestines/stomach/bladder/liver are outside the peritoneal cavity | Gastroschisis |
| Liver and stomach covered by peritoneum at the umbilical orifice | Omphalocele |
| Umbilical hernias are found in up to what percent of black infants? | 40 |
| Umbilical hernias less than what size usually close by age 5? | 1.5 cm |
| What are signs that an umbilical hernia needs surgical repair? | >1.5 cm at 2 years of age, or signs of incarceration |
| Congenital absence of intramural colonic ganglion cells in rectosigmoid. Inability of bowel complex to relax causes functional bowel obstruction. In first 24-48 hrs, failure to pass meconium, abdominal distention, bilious vomiting = | Hirschsprung disease. Dx requires rectal biopsy |
| How is hypoglycemia defined in the infant? | <35-40 mg/dL |
| What are the symptoms of infant hypoglycemia? | Lethargy, poor feeding, irritability, jitteriness, seizures |
| What is the treatment for infant hypoglycemia? | IV glucose D10W @ 2ml/kg |
| Neonatal mortality: | from birth to 28th day |
| Perinatal mortality: | 20th week of gestation to 7th day after birth |
| Low Birth Weight = | <2500 gm. 7% live births & 70% neonatal mortality |
| Very Low Birth Weight | <1500 gm |
| Fetal scalp ABG of ____ indicates fetal hypoxic compromise | <7.20 |
| Fetal scalp ABG of ____ is borderline & needs repeat test | 7.20 - 7.25 |
| Soft creamy layer on skin in preterm infants = | vernix caseosa; also often see lanugo in preterm |
| transient blue/black macules on lower back/buttocks in 90% AA, Indian, Asian infants | Mongolian spots |
| Salmon patch = | Nevus simplex: pink macular hemangiomas; neck, eyelids, forehead |
| With portwine stain (AKA _____), consider: | AKA nevus flammeus; Sturge Weber syndrome |
| White eye, cat eye: | retinoblastoma |
| Most common congenital anomaly of nose | choanal atresia (stenosis). Possible respiratory distress/apnea at birth. Sx: cyanosis that improves with crying |
| Micrognathia, cleft palate, airway obstruction are features of: | Pierre Robin syndrome |
| Persistence or aggravation of pulmonary vasoconstriction results in: | persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) |
| Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) = | Failure to replace pulmonary alveolar fluid completely with air can lead to respiratory distress; retained secretions; usually resolves in 24-36 hrs |
| Periodic breathing | normal crescendo breathing followed by a brief apneic period |
| Capillary vs cavernous hemangiomas | capillary: raised, red lesions; cav: deep blue masses; Both enlarge after birth & resolve at 1-4 yo; may produce high-output heart failure or plt trapping/ hemorrhage |
| Erythema toxicum: | erythematous, papular-vesicular rash; common in neonates; involves eosinophils in the vesicular fluid |
| Pustular melanosis: | more common in AA; small, dry vesicle on a pigmented brown macular base |
| Bacterial infections in newborn | sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, UTIs, omphalitis |
| Perinatal viral infections: | HSV, hepatitis B, C |
| Congenital infections in newborn | CMV, rubella, varicella, toxoplasmosis, syphilis, TB |
| Observe infants born to GPS-positive moms for how long? | 48 hrs |
| Severe cardiac defects & infection present in: | 6 hours |
| More common in AA; small, dry vesicle on a pigmented brown macular base | pustular melanosis |
| To what nursery level do healthy infants go? | Level 1 |
| What is a level 3 nursery? | Regional center for critical infants |
| Infant conjunctivitis is common or uncommon? | Common |
| Hematoma contained in skull suture lines | Cephalohematoma |
| Hematoma that crosses skull suture lines | Caput succedaneum |
| Premature fusion of the cranial sutures is called: | Craniosynostosis |
| Intermittent strabismus is normal up to: | 3-6 months |
| Cloudy cornea from cataracts or glaucoma | Leukocoria |
| Macroglossia is associated with: | Trisomy 21, Beckwith-Wiedemann |
| Where is a branchial cleft cyst located? | Anterior to SCM |
| Where is a thyroglossal duct cyst located? | Neck midline |
| Where is a cystic hygroma located? | Posterior to SCM |
| Common neck masses | Branchial cleft cyst, thyroglossal duct cyst, cystic hygroma |
| Large fontanelles may signify: | hypothyroidism; trisomy 13, 18, or 21; or bone disease |
| What nursery level will an infant >30 weeks and 1200 gm not requiring ventilation or circulatory support go to? | Level 2 |
| Premature birth, fetal maturity: mgmt | Give corticosteroids |
| Meconium-stained amniotic fluids | Fetal distress |
| SIDS epidemiology | 1/1000 live births. Peak at 2-4 months old; 90% are <6 months. 40% reduction since Back to Sleep. 2-10% may be undiagnosed abuse |
Created by:
Abarnard
Popular Medical sets