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Mr. K Middle East
Middle East Vocabulary
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Torah | the first five books of the Hebrew Bible- the most sacred writings in the Jewish tradition |
Abraham | the "father" of the Hebrew people chosen by God |
Moses | the man who led the Hebrews out of slavery |
Israel | a kingdom of the united Hebrews in Palestine, lasting from about 1020 to 922 B.C.; later, the northernmost of the two Hebrew kingdoms; now, the Jewish nation that was established in Palestine in 1948. |
Palestine | a region at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea that was inhabited by the Phoenicians |
assyria | a Southwest Asian kingdom that controlled a large empire from about 850 to 612 B.C. |
Nebuchadnezzar | a Chaldean king who restored Babylon |
Cyrus | Persia's king in 550 B.C. |
Darius | a noble of the ruling dynasty who seized the Persian throne in 522-521 B.C. |
Royal Road | a road in the Persian Empire, stretching over 1,600 miles from Susa in Persia to Sardis in Anatolia |
Zoroaster | a Persian prophetand religious reformer who lived around 600 B.C. |
Allah | God (an Arabic word, used mainly in Islam) |
Islam | a monotheistic religion that developed in Arabia in the seventh century A.D. |
Muslim | a follower of Islam |
Hijrah | Muhammad's migration form Mecca to Yathrib (Medina) in A.D. 622 |
Qur'an | the holy book of Islam |
Five Pillars | the duties to demonstrate a Muslim's submission to the will of God: faith, prayer, alms, fasting, and pilgrimage |
Sunna | an Islamic model for living, based on the life and teachings of Muhammad |
Shariah | a body of law governing the lives of Muslims |
Caliph | a supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government |
House of Wisdom | a center of learning established in Baghdad in the 800s |
calligraphy | the art of beautiful handwriting |
mamelukes | Turkish slaves who served as soldiers and bodyguards in the Abbasid Empire |
Seljuks | a Turkish group who migrated into the Abbasid Empire in the 10th century and established their own empire in the 11th century |
vizier | a prime minister in a Muslim kingdom of empire |
Malik Shah | the most famous of Seljuk sultans |