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The Rise of Europe
Chapter 7 Vocabulary from P/H World History Text 2007
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| medieval | Latin for "middle age" |
| Franks | one of the Germanic tribes that divided Western Europe |
| Clovis | king of the Franks, conquered Gaul; followed his own customs, as well as Roman customs and converted to Christianity |
| Charles Martel | leader of the Frankish warriors who fought a Muslim army at the battle of Tours in 732 |
| battle of Tours | battle in 732 between Charles Martel , his Frankish warriors and a Muslim army that crossed into France |
| Charlemagne | Charles Martel's grandson of the same name; became King of the Franks, built an empire covering what are now France, Germany and part of Italy; name means Charles the Great |
| Magyars | nomads that settled in what is present-day Hungary; overran Eastern Europe and moved into Germany, France and Italy |
| Vikings | Scandinavian group of skilled sailors and explorers that began to invade towns along coasts and rivers in Europe in the late 700s; mixed with the local peoples of England, Ireland, northern France and parts of Russia |
| feudalism | a new political and legal system where lesser lords (vassals) gave military service, payments and loyalty to Lords and Lords promised protection and parcels of land (fiefs); basis of European life during the Middle Ages |
| vassals | lesser lords |
| feudal contract | the pledges exchanged between lords and their vassals |
| fiefs | parcels of land, or estates |
| knights | noble males trained to ride horseback, fight and care for weapons |
| tournaments | mock battles |
| chivalry | code of ideal conduct followed by knights ; required them to be brave, loyal and honest, to fight fairly, to treat captured knights well and to protect the weak |
| Troubadours | wandering musicians |
| manor | lord's estate |
| serfs | peasants on manors who were bound to the land |
| secular | wordly, not religious |
| sacraments | sacred rites |
| Benedictine Rule | rules governing monastery life created by a monk named Benedict |
| papal supremacy | authority over kings and emperors claimed by medieval popes |
| canon law | the Church's own courts and body of laws |
| excommunication | the withholding of sacraments and Christian burial |
| interdict | entire towns, regions or kingdoms being barred from receiving sacraments and Christian burial |
| friars | monks who traveled and preached to the poor and did not live in monasteries |
| St. Francis of Assisi | founder of the first order of friars |
| charter | a document establishing rights and privileges for the town in exchange for a large sum of money , a yearly fee or both |
| capital | money for investment |
| partnerships | merchants pooling their money together to finance large-scale ventures |
| tenant farmers | laborers who paid rent for the land they tended to |
| middle class | social class between nobles and peasants |
| guilds | associations which controlled and protected specific trades or businesses |
| apprentices | people who begin to learn specific trades from early childhood |
| journeyman | a salaried worker |
Created by:
nstag
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