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DU PA Menopause
Duke PA Menopause
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Late menopause occurs after the age of __ | 55 |
Premature menopause occurs before age of __ | 40 |
Define natural menopause | The permanent cessation of menstruation resulting from the loss of ovarian follicular activity |
Natural menopause occurs after __ months of consecutive amenorrhea without pathological or physiological cause | 12 |
Biological markers that indicate menopause | There are none |
The phase in women marking transition from the reproductive phase to the non-reproductive state | Climacteric |
Perimenopause or menopausal transition usually lasts __ years with a range of __ years | 4, 2-9 |
What are the hormonal changes in menopausal/perimenopausal women | Decreased ovarian estrogen, androgen, and progesterone |
After menopause androgen mainly comes from the __ | Adrenal glands |
Postmenopausal ovary secretes more __ | Androgen than estrogen |
Factors that may delay menopause | Multiparity, increased BMI, history of OCP use |
Neuroendocrine symptoms of menopause | Hot flashes/flushes |
Integument symptoms of menopause | Dry hair, hair loss, facial hirsutism, dry mouth |
Skeletal symptoms of menopaus | Osteoporosis, fractures, back pain |
Vocal symptoms of menopause | Lower voice |
Breast symptoms of menopause | Reduced sized, softer, loss of ligamentous supports |
Cardiac symptoms of menopause | Coronary artery disease |
Vaginal symptoms of menopause | Dyspareunia, vaginitis |
Uterus/pelvic floor symptoms of menopause | Uterovaginal prolapse |
Bladder/urethral symptoms of menopause | Cystoureteritis, ectropion, frequency, urgency, stress incontinence |
Vulvar symptoms of menopause | Atrophy, dystrophy, pruritus vulvae |
It is very unusual for a woman to have vaginal bleeding due to ovarian activity __ months after menopause | 6 |
Leading cause of death in postmenopausal women | Cardiovascular disease |
Which exercises do not help to prevent osteoporosis | Swimming, cycling |
If there is whitening, thickening, or cracking of vulvar tissue what do you need to do | Biopsy |
Decreased libido is not improved with __ | Estrogen |
What helps to increase libido in menopausal women | Testosterone, regular sexual activity |