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Rome/Byzantine Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Archaic Smile | Statues had a bit of an upturn on their mouth |
| Verism | Realism in art and literature - showed every wrinkle and wart. Wanted to be recognized and shown in their wisdom, experience, and dignity |
| Patrician | Land-owning aristocrats. Elite, rich, and could trace their lineage back to the founding families of Rom |
| Plebian | Members of the poor class |
| Senator | Official Roman position |
| Orator | Eloquent public speaker |
| Pietas | Roman virtue of duty. Country first, family second |
| Triumphal Arch | Representing victory in war. Could represent victory over death in christianity |
| Coffering | Series of sunken panels in a ceiling |
| Barrel Vault | Line of arches. Ex. The Colloseum |
| Apotheosis | The highest point, or climax of something - diefication |
| Deification | Worship or treat someone as a god |
| Epicureanism | System of philosophy based on Epicurus. Ancient school of philosophy founded in Athens. Taught stoicism |
| Stoicism | A philosophy that stressed rational detachment and practical, commonsense principles. Endurance of hardship without a display of feeling or complaint |
| Pax Romana | The peace that existed between nationalities within the Roman empire. Long period of peacefulness established by Augustus |
| Gladiator | A man trained to fight with weapons against other men or wild animals in an arena. Not a popular career. |
| Fresco | Painting done in watercolour on wet plaster so that it becomes fixed as it dries |
| Insulae | A roman apartment |
| Atrium | An unroofed interior or walled courtyard |
| Triclinium | A dining table with couches along three sides used in ancient Rome |
| Porphyry | Reddish rock that important statues are made of because of purple being the royal colour |
| Spolia | reusing decorative parts of other sculptures to make a new sculpture |
| Iconography | both figurative and sympobilc significance of an image |
| Mosaic | Pictures made with little bits of stone |
| Tesserae | Small block of stone or other material used in the construction of the mosaic |
| Aqueduct | A way to bring fresh water into the city |
| Catacomb | An underground cemetary constructed by ancient romans (I believe that whole families were buried in them) |
| Mystery Religon | Religious group which worshipped a single god or goddess (not monotheistic - they still worshiped other gods required by the state). - Members only - Voluntary - Oath to not tell outsiders - Communal meals |
| Basillica (Go over additional terms) | Cross shaped buildings. Early Christian churches were built in this style |
| Confessor | A person who confesses religious faith in the face of opposition, but does not suffer martyrdom |
| Byzantine | The Byzantine empire? Byzantine churches were rich in decoration |
| Icon | Pictures that are made to make you think about God. - Icon = iContact = Icons look specifically at you |
| Iconoclasm | banning or destroying religious images. Because of the commandment, thou shalt not worship any gods before me, they thought that having images of divinity was like worshipping another god |
| Dome | A structure thing on buildings - pretty straight forward |
| Spandrel | The triangular space on the outer curve of an arch |
| Pendentive | a curved triangle of vaulting formed by the intersection of a dome with its supporting arches. The four corners support it so that the dome can be above a wide open space. To make a central dome (ex. In the church of hagia sophia) |
| Squinch | a straight or arched structure across an interior angle of a square tower to carry a superstructure such as a dome |
| Basket Capital | The fancy top of of a column - like two triangles or something |
| Chi-rho | An early Christian symbol that Constantine used. The first greek symbols of Jesus' name |
| Nave | Big open space |
| Aisle | Overflow area on the right and left |
| Apse | Little half circle sticking out of the wall - a curved section of wall. The alter and Christ was here |
| Transept | The long space in the front of the room - for the priests |
| Narthex | Covered porch area outside |
| Attrium | Courtyard outside |
| Clerestory | Row of windows above the aisles. Mean to light the building |
Created by:
sara_hillyer
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