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World History 2
Chapter 9: Industrial Revolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Industrial Revolution | The transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between and 1840. |
| Enclosure | The state of being enclosed, especially in a religious community |
| Crop Rotation | Changing up your crops every year |
| Industrialization | The period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an old fashioned society into an industrial one. |
| Factors of the start of the Industrial Revolution | 1. Resources 2. New Technology 3. Economic Conditions 4. People |
| Factory | A large warehouse full of workers and machinery that make products |
| Working Conditions | Long hours all day, 1 break and 1 lunch, very dangerous and unhealthy |
| Urbanization | The spread of cities and building "up" |
| Living Conditions | Very tight spaces and small apartments full of families and also very unsanitary and miserable |
| Class Systems | Social class people are grouped into a set of hierarchical social categories, the most common being the upper, middle, and lower classes |
| Middle Class | Your average blue or white collar |
| Class Relations in Industrialized Societys | The wealthy looked down on the poor and middle class, inequality shown often between the classes. |
| Stock | A certificate documenting the shareholder's ownership in the corporation |
| Corporation | A business owned by stockholders who share in its profits but are not personally responsible for its debts |
| Adam Smith | Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790) and wrote "The Wealth of Nations" |
| Socialism | A theory or system of social organization that advocates the vesting of the ownership and control of the means of production and distribution, of capital, land, etc., in the community as a whole. |
| Union | A group formed to protest against something many people agree should change, unions normally form in workforces |
| Laissez Faire | The doctrine that government should not interfere in commercial affairs |
| Impact of the Industrial Revolution | Working Conditions, Living Conditions, Urbanization, Public Health and Life Expectancy, Working Class Families and the Role of Women, The Emerging Middle Class, Wealth and Income |
| Wealth of Nations | A book written on capitalism, socialism, and communism. Written by Adam Smith |
| 3 Laws of Economics | Law of self interest Law of competition Law of supply & demand |
| Capitalism | An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state. |
| Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels | They were German revolutionary philosophers who co-wrote 'The Communist Manifesto' |
| Communist Manifesto | A brief publication that declares the arguments and platform of the Communist party. |
| Collective Bargaining | Negotiation of wages and other conditions of employment by an organized body of employees. |
| Strike | A refusal to work organized by a body of employees as a form of protest, typically in an attempt to gain a concession or concessions from their employer. |
| Reforms/Reformers | To make changes in (something, typically a social, political, or economic institution or practice) in order to improve it. |
| Utilitarianism | An idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people |
Created by:
Sk8er854
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