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Renaissance - CTP
Religious Wars
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Secularization | a time when people started going away from the church and focused on worldly issues |
| Humanism | Focuses on the uniqueness of individuals |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | he wrote a book that talked about unifying Italy's city-states |
| Castiglione | wrote a book about the proper way to be a renaissance man |
| Petrarch | wrote sonnets, was considered the father of humanism and the first modern writer of the renaissance era. |
| Boccacio | He wrote a book called "The Decameron" which talked about people escaping the black death. |
| Christine de Pisan | Europe's first feminist |
| Giotto | considered to be the first renaissance artist |
| Masaccio | (Holy Trinity)- known for using depth in his paintings |
| Titian | (Assumption of the Virgin)- first to use rich colors |
| Botticelli | (The Birth of Venus)- Used more secular or humanist ideas |
| Donatello | (David)- first free standing nude sculpture since the fall of Rome |
| Brunelleschi | il duomo |
| Leon Batista Alberti | Santa Maria Novella |
| Leonardo Da Vinci | (Mona Lisa) a popular painter, scientist, sculptor, architect and inventor |
| Raphael | (The School of Athens, Sistine Madonna)- Paints himself in his paintings |
| Michelangelo | (Sistine chapel, David, pieta) |
| HRE | consists of all of central Europe |
| War of the Roses (1456-1485) | A civil war between the houses of Lancaster and york |
| The Battle of Bosworth Field | When Henry Tudor defeated Henry the third |
| Henry VII (1485-1509) | Reduces the power of nobility to strengthen the monarchy |
| Henry VIII (1509-1547) | marries Catherine of aragon |
| Louis XI (1461-1483) | strengthens monarchy by centralizing the government |
| Francis I (1515-1547) | Strengthens monarchy by gaining power over the church The Concord act of Bologna |
| Reconquista | Spanish Christians reconquer Spain |
| Ferdinand and Isabella (1474-1516) | united the countries of castile and aragon |
| Spanish Inquisition | goal was to create public unity by forcing Christianity upon the Spanish population. |
| The Golden Bull | 7 princes in the Holy Roman Empire elect an emperor becomes a tradition to elect a descendent of the Hapsburg family |
| Charles V (1519-1566) | elected emperor of HRE, and inherited the Netherlands and Spain and took over Italy |
| Johannes Gutensburg | invented printing press, which caused people to have access to more books and spread secularist literature |
| Christian Humanism | a balance of the church as well as secular concerns |
| Thomas Kempis | writes a book called the Imitation of Christ, a book that encourages self reflection. |
| Cardinal Cisneros | reforms the church by improving the clergy, in charge of the Spanish inquisition |
| Erasmus | wrote In Praise of Folly which criticizes the church for superstition and greed he translated Greek writings and found errors in the new testament. |
| Erasmian Humanism | the belief that Christianity teaches moral values and should be bound to holistic learning |
| Jan Van Eyck | (The Adoration of the Lamb) was the first to use master's perspective |
| Albrecht Durer | (Knight, Death and The Devil) he was known for his carvings |
| Bruegel | (Peasant Wedding) Showed ordinary people in his paintings |
| El greco | (View of Toledo) used mannerism in his paintings |
| Cervantes | wrote Don Quixote |
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