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Africa 2
Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Has highest HIV/AIDS rate (33%) Monarchy – King Mswati III 2/3 of the country are living below the poverty line Mswati ignores the people Umchwasho – chastity rite in the country, part of the reed dance, last one ran 2001 – 2005, King violated it | Swaziland |
| Dutch East India Co. establishes a station in south Africa 17__ Great Britain seizes the area 18__ Diamonds discovered 18__ Zulu War | 97 67 79 |
| Great Britain vs Zulu – ended independent zulu nation First Boer War – 1880 -81. ___________ Second Boer war – 1899-1902. ____________ | Resisted British encroachments on their land Brits won. Fight was over the Gold rush of 86. |
| Apartheid – | means separatism in Afrikaans |
| It ran from 1948 – 1994 Allowed for a legal framework for continued economic and political dominance from European descendants Groups: white, black, colored, Asian Geographically separated | Apartheid |
| What impact did apartheid have on the schools? | Schools were segregated and education was worse for those who weren’t white men or women |
| Describe the homeland system | Blacks were assigned a homeland Not south African citizens Needed passports 10 of them |
| Describe the role of civil disobedience in the African National Congress | 1949 – began series of civil disobedience The Sharpeville Massacre Members of ANC broke off and created PAC (pan Africanist congress) 69 blacks killed |
| What happened as a result of the Sharpeville massacre? | Helped change direction of black nationalist movements. Caused ANC to turn to violent methods of protest |
| What are some problems that continue to plague South Africa? | Rising crime, unemployment, AIDS, HIV, discrimination |
| Why is South Africa considered a leader among African nations? | Democratic majority for over 10 years |
| Describe some characteristics of the Bushmen | Original inhabitants also called San Bushmen or just San Nomadic Live today in Botswana, South Africa, Namibia and Angola Speak in Clicks |
| Who originated the term “bushmen” and what does it mean? | The Dutch and Bandit or Outlaw |
| Who issued the license to hunt bushmen, in what year? | The British South Africans and in 1936 |
| Describe the leadership among the Bushmen community | No leaders, every issue discussed by whole tribe |
| Typical Foods of the Bushmen | Roots, berries, lions, eggs, ants, baobab fruit, plants |
| Rituals and other important things about the Bushmen? | The eland is the most spiritual animal Kaggen is the trickster deity Rituals - rock art, hunt eland to marry, rite of passage kill large mammal |
| The equator runs through the middle of Africa 90% of nation lies in tropics Intense heat, high rainfall, biodiversity, humidity | Equatorial Africa |
| 2700 miles long Carries more water than any river in Africa Equatorial zone on the river so it is always raining on one half of the river | The Congo River |
| Named in honor of Queen Victoria by David Livingston Called the smoke that thunders | Victoria Falls |
| Why was Leopold so interested in Stanleys travels to Africa? | He was interested in commerce and economic gain |
| Foundations of the Congo Free State from King Leopold, explain that situation. | Leopold II of Belgium sponsors Stanleys explorations into Congo Leopold says he is being a “humanitarian” Berlin Conference declared the Congo leopold’s private property |
| What did Leopold want Stanley to do for him in the congo? | Exploit the natives for their land and IVORY |
| What discovery had consequences for the Congo natives regarding King Leopold? Why? | RUBBER and Leopold II forced the natives to do strenuous work for little or no money |
| How long did Leopold rule over the Congo? | 23 years |
| Describe the work in the Congo Free State that was going on | Leo’s biggest undertaking was the railway from the coast to Kinshasa All projects increased Leopold’s capital and expoited the Africans further The selling of rubber made Leopold a filthy bastard |
| What motivated Edmund Morel to stop the evil being done by Leopold II of Belgium? | The enslavement of the Congolese people was morally wrong and was his motivation |
| Between 18__ and 1908 between 10 and 15 million Congolese people died, killing half of the population | 85 |
| How did Morel crusade against the atrocities in the Congo? | Witnesses, made it public, talk to British and Americans, finally the government took over the land and was no longer Leopold’s Private Property |
| Describe the Foundation of the Belgium Congo | Now called Dem. Rep. of Congo Economic and social changes made it a model colony Schools made |
| List two examples of Improvement in the Congo | The administration made railways, ports, roads, mines, etc. It used to have the highest national gross product in Africa |
| What was missing in the improvement in the Belgium support of the Congo | No development of Congolese elites to control Africa. No higher education. No army. |
| Describe the independence of the Congo | 1960 independence Now the dem rep of congo |
| Man who- Declared himself president in 1965 Changed from Dem Rep to Zaire Corrupt | Mobotu |
| Why is mobotu called corrupt and extravagant? | Used sham elections to stay president, killed or bribed political rivals, outlawed hair dye, no foreign music, took the 5 billion dollars the US gave him and spent it on himself, supported the Rwandan genocide and got away with it. |
| major geological feature that separates east Africa from west Africa | Great Rift Valley |
| 3 Mjor lakes in Eastern Africa | Victoria, Malawi, and Tanganyika |
| The Great Rift Valley is home to fossils, volcanic activity, and old fossil: _____ | Lucy |
| ongest lake in the world, second deepest, second largest in Africa | Lake Tanganyika |
| Source of Nile, largest lake in Africa | Lake Victoria |
| hird largest lake in Africa. Tropical paradise. Home to 450 endemic fish | Lake Malawi |
| Began preparing for genocide “evil cockroaches” “Rats”1994 genocide 1 million killed Most densely populated, 10 million. Mostly farmers 1895- became a part of German East Africa | Rwanda |
| No government Tip of Africa Mostly sunni muslims Christianity abolished in the 1970’s 50,000 Pygmies remaining. Largest group of hunter gatherers left on earth. | Somalia |
| lives a life of luxury despite the fact that 2/3 of his people are living below the poverty line. | King Mswati III |
| Chastity rite in the country Part of Swaziland the Reed Dance (every August) Meant to prepare girls for marriage and to postpone sex The last one ran from 2001 – 2005 King placed this in effect to fight AIDS problem | Umchwasho |
| Mid-1980s, the international community began imposing economic __________ against South Africa, and worldwide condemnation of the apartheid regime | sanctions |
| gradually emerges as a strong leader in the ANC June 1964 – sentenced to life in prison for treason; ANC banned goes underground Toward the end of apartheid, SA virtually in a state of emergency – civil unrest | Nelson Mandela |
| Lifted ban on ANC Released Mandela | KLerk |
| grew up in a privileged family in South Africa. Despite his advocacy of conservative white views early in his political career, he led the government that dismantled apartheid and became vice president in the government presided over by Nelson Mandela. | Frederik de Klerk |
| 19__ – 19__ – apartheid abolished ANC won most votes for Parliament 19__ - -Mandela and de Klerk awarded Nobel Peace Prize | 90-91 93 |
| Temperatures vary drastically: 40 at night to 107 in the shade in the day | Kalahari Desert |
| resemble sparrows; build community nests up to 6 meters long and 2 meters high | Weaver Birds |
| original inhabitants of Southern Africa and are commonly known as ‘San’ | Bushmen |
| The most unique aspect of the Bushmen languages is the _______ | clicks |
| San-speaking groups remaining today live in | Botswana, South Africa, Namibia and Angola |
| _______ are scraped to provide drinking water for Bushmen | Roots |
| The BUshmen or 'San' were excellent hunters- used poisoned arrows from beetle, plants and snake venom | Fact |
| Discovery of huge diamond and mineral deposits in this country | Botswana |
| Has railroads to other countries Named after old tribe, has big tourist attraction | Zimbabwe |
| Has rare natural resources, fertile land, and accesible coastline, but is still suffering after a terrible 14-year civil war | Angola |
| At one time, this country's income came solely from the sale of hardwoods but now it produces a lot of oil and manganese THe wealthiest black nation in Africa | Gabon |
| Mineral-rich but landlocked nation, World's third largest copper producer Has been frequent target of guerrilla activity | Zambia |
| Has White beaches, mountain scenery Wildlife parks have made in an outstanding attraction for tourists | Kenya |
| World's fourth largest Island Colonized by France in 1896 Black majority over Asians | Madagascar |
| First communist government in Africa, although rejected in 1991 Has not brought on political stability | Congo |
| Overthrow of Mobuto Sese Seko Formerly Zaire Untapped hydroelectric potential | Dem. Rep. of Congo |
| Should prosperous but still recovering from rule of General Amin "Pearl of Africa" | Uganda |
| Most industrial nation on the continent Half the world's supply of gold and diamonds Economic sanctions | South Africa |
| One of the world's oldest Christian Nations "Land of sunburned faces" | Ethiopia |
| South African cleric and activist who rose to worldwide fame during the 1980s as an opponent of apartheid. In 1984, Tutu became the second South African to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. | Desmond Tutu |
| was the first European to see Victoria Falls (Mosi-oa-Tunya), to which he gave the English name in honour of his monarch, Queen Victoria. His meeting with H. M. Stanley gave rise to the popular quotation | Dr. Livingston |
| contrived to reach the Congo Free State. He became captain of a Congo steamboat, and the atrocities he witnessed and his experiences there not only informed his most acclaimed and ambiguous work, Heart of Darkness | Joseph Conrad |
| Leader of Rwanda | Paul Kagame |
| This man hired Stanley to negotiate with Congo chiefs and get them to sign documents turning over their land to his association. | King Leopold II |
| The longest crack in the world's surface, separating east Africa from the rest of the continent. | Great Rift Valley |
| IN 1993 _________ ___________(man) and __________ ___ ___________(man) were both awarded Nobel Peace Prizes for their accomplishments in South Africa | Nelson Mandela and Frederik de Klerk |
| ___________ means separatism in Afrikaans | Apartheid |
| The corrupt and extravagant dictator of present day Democratic Republic of the Congo, who fled the country in 1997: | Mobutu, Joseph-Dsir |
| First discovered in 1867, South now has mines that produce half the world's supply of ______ | UNSPECIFIED AS OF NOW |
| Rules Swaziland along with his mother: | Mswati III |
| Journalist who uttered the famous words, "Dr. Livingston I presume," and was later employed by King Leopold to explore Central Africa: | Henry Morton Stanley |
| Tribal courts in Rwanda used for reconciliation: | Gacaca |
| This lake is the longest in the world, boasting a length of 420 miles | Lake Tanganyika |
| T or F: Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for over 25 years | T |
| T or F: A militant group of Tutsis were called the interharmwe | F |
| T or F: Somalia is a predominantly Christian country | F |
| T or F: The Boer war was fought between the Boers and the Zulu's. | F |
| T or F: Pygmies were brought to the St. Louis World's fair in 1904 and housed in the Bronx Zoo | F (I thought it was true too, but it's not) |
| T or F: Lake Malawi is one of the three main lakes that border the Great Rift Valley | T |
| T or F: IN the Kalahari Desert, an example of an endemic animal is the meerkat | T |
| T or F: the Umchwasho is a region in South Africa were important archaeological discoveries have been made | F |
| T or F: In 1895, Rwanda became part of German East Africa | T |
| T or F: IN order to strengthen their control, the Belgian colonists divided Rwanda's unified population into 3 groups: Hutu, Twa, and Tutsi | T |
| Explain the policy of Apartheid in South Africa. When did this policy begin and end? Who was the president that lifted the ban? | 1948-1992 Legislation classified inhabitants into racial groups (black, white, coloured, and Indian), and residential areas were segregated by means of forced removals. De Klerk lifted ban on ANC and his government started dismantling Apartheid laws |
| Describe dome challenges that face Swaziland today. Describe their leader, the form of government and their attempts to fight the AIDS Problem. | Leader: Mswati III is corrupt leader (Bribed officials, sometimes killed them) Government- Absolute Monarchy (rule by decree) Developed chastity right called Umchwasho to prevent AIDS. |
| Hotel Rwanda; how did the colonial powers of Germany and Belgium incite the hostilities between the Hutus and the Tutsis? What event sparked the genocide? How did the U.N. respond? | I DON'T KNOW HOW THE COLONIAL POWERS INCITED THE HOSTILITIES BETWEEN THE HUTUS AND THE TUTSIS EXACTLY BUT i DO KNOW THAT: Genocide sparked when the president's plane was shot down U.N. responded by sending "peace-keepers" not peace-makers |
Created by:
myoung15
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