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patho chap 2 terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acid | ...a substance that releases hydrogen ions |
| amino acid | ...monomers composed in protein |
| anion | ...a negatively charged ion |
| aqueous | ...pertaining to water; a substance in which water is the solvent |
| atom | smallest subunits of elements |
| base | ...a substance that releases hydroxide ions and accepts hydrogen ions |
| buffer | ...chemicals that prevent sharp changes in H+ concentration |
| carbohydrate | ...simple sugars |
| catalyst | ...substance that speeds the rate of a chemical reaction |
| cation | ...an ion that is positively charged |
| chemistry | the science that deals with the composition and properties of matter |
| colloid | ... heterogeneous mixture in which suspended particles do not dissolve but remain evenly distributed based on the small size |
| compound | ...substance composed of two or more chemical elements |
| denaturation | ...changes in structure of a protein so that it can no longer function |
| electrolyte | ...compounds that separate into ions in solution |
| electron | negatively charged particle, orbit in energy levels around the nucleus and determines atom's chemical reactivity |
| element | ...one of the substance from which all matter is made |
| enzyme | ...proteins that speed up (catalyze) chemical reactions |
| glucose | ...a simple sugar |
| glycogen | ...a storage form of glucose that is found in liver and muscle cells |
| ion | ...an atom or molecule with an electrical charge |
| isotope | ...forms an element that have the same atomic number but different atomic weight |
| lipid | ...fats- type of organic compound that is not soluble in water |
| molecule | ...chemicals composed of two or more atoms held together with covalent bonds |
| nucleotide | ...composed of a nitrogen base, a sugar, a phosphate group. Building blocks of DNA and RNA. One type is a component ATP |
| neutron | noncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom |
| pH | ...measures the relative concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in solutions |
| protein | ...organic compound made of amino acids; contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (some contain sulfur or phosphorus) |
| proton | positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom |
| radioactive | ...emission of atomic particles from an isotope |
| salt | ...a substance formed by a reaction between an acid and a base |
| solute | ...substance that is dissolved into another substance |
| solution | ...homogeneous mixture formed when one substance (solute) dissolves into another(solvent) |
| solvent | ...substance in which another substance is dissolved |
| steroid | ...lipids that contain rings of carbon atoms |
| substrate | ...substance on which an enzyme works |
| suspension | ...heterogeneous mixture that will separate unless shaken |
| valence | ...the number of bonds an atom needs to fill its outermost energy level |
Created by:
disney2000
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