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World History
Unit 1: World History
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Paleolithic Age | The earliest known time period when humans used tools (around 2.6 million years ago). Also known as the Old Stone Age. |
| Neolithic Age | The time period known for technological development and the agricultural revolution (began around 10,200 BC). Also known as the New Stone Age. |
| hominid | Humans and other human-like creatures that walk upright. |
| Domestication of Plants/Animals | The keeping of animals and the growing of food on a regular basis and adapting animals to human use (consequences as described by Diamond followed). |
| archaeology | the study of past societies through an analysis of the items people left behind them (trash). |
| civilization | a complex culture in which large numbers of people share a number of common elements such as social structure, religion, and art. |
| Fertile Crescent | The area between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers (Mesopotamia) that supported early centers of culture and highly organized societies. |
| city-states | a state with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside |
| polytheistic | believing in many gods |
| ziggurat | a massive stepped tower on which was built a temple dedicated to the chief god or goddess of a Sumerian city |
| cuneiform | "wedge-shaped", a system of writing developed by the Sumerians using a reed stylus to create wedge-sahped impressions on a clay tablet. |
| What is the difference between hunting and gathering and domestication of plants and animals lifestyles? | People could stay in one place and build communities, with spare time people became artisans, division of labor, specialized jobs; using animals to do work gave them extra time; with extra food, humans had more control over their lives |
| 8 Characteristics of Civilization | Geography, Cities, Religion, Jobs Specialization, Social Classes, Arts and Architecture, Government, Writing |
| How did geography impact Mesopotamia? | the people used the Fertile Crescent to adapt and made irrigation and drainage systems. |
| dynasty | a family of rulers whose right to rule passed on within the family |
| bureaucracy | an administrative organization that relies on non-elective officials and regular procedures |
| monotheism | believing in one god |
| aristocracy | an upper class whose wealth is based on land and whose power is passed on from one generation to another. |
| Mandate of Heaven | Ancient China-the king is given authority from god, he must rule wisely or be overthrown |
| Olmecs | first Mesoamerican civilization |
| Egypt's three major time periods | Upper, Lower and Middle Kingdoms |
| The development of Egyptian civilization was most influenced by __________. | the Nile River |
| Egyptian rulers were seen as ___________ | earthly forms of the sun god Re. |
| Ancient China was geographically isolated by ________________ | mountains and deserts |
| The basic economic and social unit in ancient China was __________ | the family |
| The Indus Valley civilization has wells, drainage systems and garbage disposal services, all indicating ______________ | an organized government |
| Humans migrated to the Americas ____________ | by crossing the Bering Land Bridge |
| Scholars arrange events in study history through ____________ | chronology |
| The Phoenician alphabet was important because __________ | it led to the Greek and Latin alphabets. |
| What was one similarity between Mesopotamia and Egypt? | They had farming and trade economies. |
| The ability to acquire food on a regular basis (farming and domestication) meant that humans could _____________ | live in settled communities. |
| Where do scientists believe homo sapiens sapiens first appeared (between 150,000 and 200,000 years ago)? | Africa |
| Due to a lack of timber, Mesopotamia relied on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers to ____________ | create new building materials |
| Early urban civilizations all developed religions primarily ______ | to explain the forces of nature and their roles in the world. |
| What led to all major changes in the Neolithic Revolution? | use of agriculture |
| With the use of fire to cook food ________ | was more digestible and nutritious. |
| With the ______________ Age came many social changes (settling in villages, different occupations, gender roles) | Neolithic |
| Humans reached North America before.... | South America |
| Where did humans originate? | Africa |
| Why did early humans develop fire? | As they migrated to COLDER regions, they needed to adjust to new climate conditions. |
| Early people who lived in the Paleolithic Age were able to survive because of tools made from ___________. | stone |
Created by:
sraffaelle
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