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Chapter 18
The Cardiovascular System - Chambers, Circuits, Valves & Blood Flow Pathway
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the heart is the __ system and the blood vessels are the ___ | transport - delivery route |
| the heart is located in the ___ which is a subdivision of the ___ | pericardium - mediostinum |
| what side is the pulmonary circuit on? | right |
| the systemic circuit is located on the __ side | left |
| which circuit pumps blood through the lungs? | pulmonary |
| the systemic circuit pumps blood: | through the body's tissues & organs |
| the pulmonary circuit __ oxygen and __ carbon dioxide | picks up - releases |
| the systemic circuit __ oxygen & __ CO2 | supplies - removes |
| epicardium | outer layer |
| myocardium | middle layer - *contracts* |
| endocardium | inside layer |
| the ___ layer is composed of mainly cardiac muscle | myocardium |
| this layer lines the heart chambers | endocardium |
| what happens if there is too much fluid in the heart? | heart can't move & contract to pump |
| if there isn't enough fluid in the heart, this causes: | adhesion |
| which veins carry oxygenated blood? | pulmonary |
| what does the superior vena cava do? | drains head & thoracic region |
| the coronary sinus... | collects all the blood |
| inferior vena cava | drains neck & down |
| what prevents blood from coming back in atrium? | chordae tendinae |
| what happens if you have oxygenated & deoxygnated blood flowing together? | it can cause back flow - causing blood not to flow effiiciently |
| when heart cells die, they don't repair. true or false. | true |
| angina pectoris | severe chest pain --> caused by lack of oxygen to heart muscle |
| ischemia | |
| myocardial infaraction (heart attack) | |
| what are the receiving chambers of the heart? | atria |
| what are the 2 largest veins? | superior & inferior vena cava |
| deoxygenated means: | used, full of waste & CO2 |
| what is the only artery that brings oxygneated blood to the heart? | left pulmonary artery |
| this vein returns blood from body superior to diaphgram | superior vena cava |
| the inferior vena cava returns blood from body ____ | inferior to diaphgram |
| what are the 4 chambers of the heart? | right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium & left ventricle |
| the right atrium receives __ blood | deoxygenated |
| in the right atrium, blood enters via what 3 veins? | the vana cavas & coronary sinus |
| in the right ventricle ___ blood flows from the ___ | deoxygenated - right atrium |
| in the right ventricle, blood flows in from the __ and flows out through the __ | right atrium - pulmonary trunk |
| the left atrium receives what kind of blood? | oxygenated |
| oxygenated blood is | new blood |
| blood enters the left atrium from the ___ and exits through the __ | pulmonary veins - left ventricle |
| the most muscular chamber of the heart is the ___ | left ventricle |
| __ blood flows in the left ventricle | oxygenated |
| blood comes in the left ventricle via __ and leaves through the __ | mitral valve - aortic valve |
| the right ventricle & atrium are apart of which circuit? | pulmonary |
| the systemic circuit is on the __ side of the heart | left |
| why is the heart considered a double pump? | because each side supplies its own circuit |
| when blood is going from the right atrium to the right ventricle, it is passing the __ valve | tricupsid |
| when blood is traveling from the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk, its passing the __ valve | pulmonary semilunar |
| blood goes from the left atrium to the left ventricle via the __ valve | bicuspsid |
| when blood is leaving the left ventricle to the aorta, its passing through which valve? | semilunar vavle |
| blood leaves the vena cavas & coronary sinus then travels to the __ then the right ventricle to the ___ then off to the ___, then the __ when it leaves there it goes to the: | right atrium pulmonary trunk lungs heart 4 pulmonary veins |
| when blood leaves the pulmonary veins it goes to the ___ then ___ | left atrium left ventricle |
| after blood leaves the left ventricle it goes to the ___ then the body then the __ and the process starts over | aorta - heart |
| coronary cicrulation is: | the functional blood supply of the heart |
| the shortest circulation in the body is__ | coronary circulation |
| the left & right coronary arteries arise from the __ which : | aorta - provides aortal supply of coronary circulation |
| venous blood is collected by the ___ and empties into the ___ | cardiac veins - coronary sinus |
| what 2 large vessels receive blood from the left & right ventricles? | aorta & pulmonary trunk |
| arteries go in which direction of the heart? | away |
| veins go __ heart | to the |
| the atrioventricular valves consist of which 2 valves? | tricupsid & mitral |
| mitral valve | between left atrium & left ventricle |
| the atrioventricular valves controls blood flow between the __ | upper & lower chambers |
| which valve prevents blood flow into atria when the ventricles are contracting? | atrioventricular valve |
| the atria is the __ chamber | receiving |
| the ventricles are the __ chamber | discharging |
| the semilunar valves consist of: | pulmonary & aortic vavles |
| the semilunar valve prevents backflow in ventricles when ventricles are: | relaxing |
| gap junctions are cell junctions that: | allows ions to move across the heart - heart beats as unit |
| this cell junction acts as an anchor - holding cells together as heart beats. | desmosomes |
| where are gap junctions & desosomes located? | intercalated disc |
Created by:
Mariahj25
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