The Cardiovascular System - Chambers, Circuits, Valves & Blood Flow Pathway
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| the heart is the __ system and the blood vessels are the ___ | transport - delivery route
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| the heart is located in the ___ which is a subdivision of the ___ | pericardium - mediostinum
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| what side is the pulmonary circuit on? | right
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| the systemic circuit is located on the __ side | left
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| which circuit pumps blood through the lungs? | pulmonary
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| the systemic circuit pumps blood: | through the body's tissues & organs
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| the pulmonary circuit __ oxygen and __ carbon dioxide | picks up - releases
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| the systemic circuit __ oxygen & __ CO2 | supplies - removes
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| epicardium | outer layer
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| myocardium | middle layer - *contracts*
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| endocardium | inside layer
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| the ___ layer is composed of mainly cardiac muscle | myocardium
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| this layer lines the heart chambers | endocardium
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| what happens if there is too much fluid in the heart? | heart can't move & contract to pump
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| if there isn't enough fluid in the heart, this causes: | adhesion
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| which veins carry oxygenated blood? | pulmonary
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| what does the superior vena cava do? | drains head & thoracic region
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| the coronary sinus... | collects all the blood
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| inferior vena cava | drains neck & down
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| what prevents blood from coming back in atrium? | chordae tendinae
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| what happens if you have oxygenated & deoxygnated blood flowing together? | it can cause back flow - causing blood not to flow effiiciently
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| when heart cells die, they don't repair. true or false. | true
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| angina pectoris | severe chest pain --> caused by lack of oxygen to heart muscle
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| ischemia |
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| myocardial infaraction (heart attack) |
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| what are the receiving chambers of the heart? | atria
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| what are the 2 largest veins? | superior & inferior vena cava
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| deoxygenated means: | used, full of waste & CO2
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| what is the only artery that brings oxygneated blood to the heart? | left pulmonary artery
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| this vein returns blood from body superior to diaphgram | superior vena cava
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| the inferior vena cava returns blood from body ____ | inferior to diaphgram
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| what are the 4 chambers of the heart? | right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium & left ventricle
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| the right atrium receives __ blood | deoxygenated
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| in the right atrium, blood enters via what 3 veins? | the vana cavas & coronary sinus
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| in the right ventricle ___ blood flows from the ___ | deoxygenated - right atrium
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| in the right ventricle, blood flows in from the __ and flows out through the __ | right atrium - pulmonary trunk
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| the left atrium receives what kind of blood? | oxygenated
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| oxygenated blood is | new blood
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| blood enters the left atrium from the ___ and exits through the __ | pulmonary veins - left ventricle
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| the most muscular chamber of the heart is the ___ | left ventricle
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| __ blood flows in the left ventricle | oxygenated
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| blood comes in the left ventricle via __ and leaves through the __ | mitral valve - aortic valve
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| the right ventricle & atrium are apart of which circuit? | pulmonary
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| the systemic circuit is on the __ side of the heart | left
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| why is the heart considered a double pump? | because each side supplies its own circuit
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| when blood is going from the right atrium to the right ventricle, it is passing the __ valve | tricupsid
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| when blood is traveling from the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk, its passing the __ valve | pulmonary semilunar
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| blood goes from the left atrium to the left ventricle via the __ valve | bicuspsid
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| when blood is leaving the left ventricle to the aorta, its passing through which valve? | semilunar vavle
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| blood leaves the vena cavas & coronary sinus then travels to the __ then the right ventricle to the ___ then off to the ___, then the __ when it leaves there it goes to the: | right atrium
pulmonary trunk
lungs
heart
4 pulmonary veins
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| when blood leaves the pulmonary veins it goes to the ___ then ___ | left atrium
left ventricle
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| after blood leaves the left ventricle it goes to the ___ then the body then the __ and the process starts over | aorta - heart
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| coronary cicrulation is: | the functional blood supply of the heart
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| the shortest circulation in the body is__ | coronary circulation
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| the left & right coronary arteries arise from the __ which : | aorta - provides aortal supply of coronary circulation
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| venous blood is collected by the ___ and empties into the ___ | cardiac veins - coronary sinus
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| what 2 large vessels receive blood from the left & right ventricles? | aorta & pulmonary trunk
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| arteries go in which direction of the heart? | away
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| veins go __ heart | to the
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| the atrioventricular valves consist of which 2 valves? | tricupsid & mitral
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| mitral valve | between left atrium & left ventricle
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| the atrioventricular valves controls blood flow between the __ | upper & lower chambers
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| which valve prevents blood flow into atria when the ventricles are contracting? | atrioventricular valve
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| the atria is the __ chamber | receiving
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| the ventricles are the __ chamber | discharging
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| the semilunar valves consist of: | pulmonary & aortic vavles
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| the semilunar valve prevents backflow in ventricles when ventricles are: | relaxing
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| gap junctions are cell junctions that: | allows ions to move across the heart - heart beats as unit
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| this cell junction acts as an anchor - holding cells together as heart beats. | desmosomes
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| where are gap junctions & desosomes located? | intercalated disc
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