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WH1 SOL 3
River Valleys
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Fertile Crescent | An arc of fertile farmland in Southwest Asia between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea. |
| Silt | Fine rich soil carried in the water of rivers and left behind after a flood. |
| Civilization | A form of culture characterized by cities, specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping an advanced technology. |
| Hereditary | Something passed from one generation to another. |
| Delta | Marshy region formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river. |
| Cultural diffusion | The spreading and exchange of ideas and products from one culture to another. |
| City-state | A City and its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit. |
| Kingdom | A country whose ruler is a king or queen. |
| Code | System of laws or symbols. |
| Centralized government | A Government in which power is concentrated in a central authority,which local governments are subject, |
| Empire | A major political unit with a large territory under one ruler. |
| Class systems | Groups or ranks in society. |
| Dynasty | A series of rulers from the same family. |
| Pharoah | A king of ancient Egypt, considered a god, as well as, a political and military leader. |
| Ziggurat | Sumerian temple, tiered and pyramid-shaped with a long staircase. |
| Code of Hammurabi | 282 laws established by military leader Hammurabi; that dealt with everything that affected the community. |
| Cuneiform | Sumerian writing made by pressing a wedge-shaped tool into clay tablets. |
| Polytheism | Belief in many gods. |
| Cataract | A waterfall or steak of rapids on a river. |
| Loess | A fertile deposit of windblown soil (China) |
| Oracle of Bones | An animal or turtle shells used by Chinese priests to communicate with the gods. |
| Mandate of Heaven | In Chinese history, the divine approval thought to be the basis of royal authority. |
| Hieroglyphics | Ancient egyptian writing system where pictures represent ideas and sound. |
| Monsoon | A wind that shifts direction at certain times of year (causing massive rain.) |
| Ten Commandments | Laws of the Bible delivered to the Hebrews by Moses; the basis of civil and religious laws of Judaism. |
| Monotheism | The belief in one God. |
| Papyrus | A tall weed that grows in the Nile Delta; used by acient Egytians to make a paper-like material. |
| Torah | The Hebrew holy book. |
| Judaism | Monotheistic religion of the Jews. |
| Exile | Enforced removal from one's native county. |
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MMS 8th
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