Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Benign Lesions
Derm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Seb keratosis found anywhere except | palms & soles |
| Seb keratosis variants | dermatosis papulosa nigra (AA pts): on the face; stucco keratosis (older Caucasians): on lower legs, ankles, and dorsal hands / feet |
| Sign of Leser-Trelat: | Sudden eruption of many seborrheic keratoses may be a cutaneous sign of internal malignancy |
| Achrocordon most common in: | women & obese pts |
| Dermatofibroma sites | usually legs, but also trunk & arms |
| Dimple sign & button sign: for: | dermatofibroma |
| Contents: cheesy consistency and a nasty odor: | epidermal cyst |
| organized clusters of melanocyte-derived nevus cells | nevi (moles) |
| These have a life cycle of their own: | nevi |
| Nevus: 3 types | junctional, compound, intradermal |
| Junctional nevus: | clustered at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ); Flat or slightly raised, tan or brown, round or oval lesions |
| compound nevus: | Nevus cells found at both the DEJ & in the dermis; Slightly to markedly raised, tan, brown, or black papules. |
| intradermal nevus: | Raised, soft, flesh-colored, tan, or brown papules. Pigment may be arranged in flecks; may see coarse hairs |
| halo nevus | rim of depigmentation; autoimmune; usually repigments; may be assoc w/vitiligo & malignant melanoma |
| spitz nevus | kids (rarely adults); benign, pink, tan, or brown dome-shaped smooth papules; face, scalp, neck, and legs; rapid growth; excision bc melanoma may arise from spitz nevus |
| developmental anomaly appearing as a brown patch, a patch of hair, or both: | becker’s nevus |
| Congenital Melanocytic Nevus: Increased risk of malignant melanoma in: | lesions larger than 20 cm. |
| Ephilides = | freckles |
| Fordyce spots: | Ectopically located sebaceous glands |
| Do not blanch well using diascopy: | cherry angioma |
| Spider angioma: diascopy: | Common, benign, dilatation of superficial bleed vessels; Arteriole perpendicular to skin; radiating vessels easily blanch with diascopy, but central vessel may not, and may pulsate |
| Common papulosquamous lesions (raised/have scale) | Psoriasis; Seborrheic dermatitis; Pityriasis rosea; Lichen planus; Tinea corporis; Syphilis; Drug reaction |
| Seb dermatitis: adults | infreq shampooing; bedridden / chronic ill; PD; persistent cases, check for fungal infxn |
| Causes of lichen planus | Drugs (gold, chloroquine, methyl-dopa, penicillamine); film processing; Bac infxn (secondary syphilis); Post-BMT GVHD |
| Wickham’s stria | lacy-reticulated pattern of white lines on surface; focal areas of epidermal thickening; in lichen planus |
| Lichen planus sites | Most commonly on flexor surface of wrists and forearms; legs above the ankles; lumbar; eyelids; shins, scalp |
| ACD acute vs chronic | Acute: macules, papules, vesicles, bullae; Chronic: lichenified, scaling, fissured lesions |
| Darier sx | rubbing lesion causes urticarial flare |
| Auspitz sx | pinpoint bleeding after scale is removed |
| Nikolsky sx | pushing blister => further separation from dermis |
| Shagreen skin: | oval nevoid plaque; skin pigmented on trunk/back; assoc w/tuberous sclerosis |
| atopic dermatitis: itch-scratch cycle => pruritic circumscribed plaques = | lichen simplex chronicus |
| 5 P's of Lichen planus: | purple, polygonal, pruritic, papule, planar |
| erythematous, annular patch w/central clearing; fine scale: | dermatophytosis |
| varicella zoster is reactivation of VZV that was dormant in: | ganglionic satellite cells |
| Hutchinson sign | VZV; involve trigeminal nerve => eye & nose |
| Ramsay Hunt | VZV; affect external ear, facial palsy, & geniculate |
| Beefy red, sharp bordered rash (patches/plaques) in groin (infants), under breast folds with satellite lesions | Candida |
| Warm, erythematous, tender skin with possible induration or fluctuance | Cellulitis |
| Red, less distinct borders; coral red fluorescence under Wood’s lamp: | Erythrasma (Corynebacterium minutissimum) |
| Distinct, sharp raised demarcated border with fever, chills. Group A Strep | Erysipelas |
| Grouped vesicles on erythematous base | Herpes virus |
| Infant or pediatric w/ grouped vesicles on thumb or “tapioca” vesicles on thumb | Herpetic whitlow |
| Pain preceding vesicular rash in dermatomal pattern | Herpes Zoster (if involved eye = herpes keratitis) |
| if a group of lesions has a dermatomal distribution what disease is it likely to be | herpes zoster (shingles) |
| Honey colored crusts on erythematous base around nose & mouth | Impetigo; tx: mupirocin |
| Small white papules on diffusely red base on buccal mucosa = | Koplik spots: Rubeola (Measles); spots occur before rash |
| Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis | Rubeola (Measles) |
| Pastia’s lines, positive ASO titer | Scarlet fever (Grp A Strep) |
| Strawberry tongue | Scarlet fever (Grp A Strep) |
| Dewdrops on rose petal, pustules & vesicles in crops (different stages of healing), centripetal pattern = | Varicella (Chicken Pox) |
| Christmas tree pattern, erythematous papules w/ oval plaques w/ scaly itchy border. Large oval plaque w/ central clearing & scaly border (herald patch) precedes rash by 1-2 weeks = | Pityriasis rosea (resolves in 6-12 weeks). May tx w/erythromycin stearate 250mg QID x2 weeks to prevent eruption |
| Hypopigmented lesions, white, scaly. Gets worse w/ tanning or sun exposure | Pityriasis Alba |
| Erythematic ring with scaly border & central clearing | Tinea (fungal infection); KOH prep = hyphae |
| spaghetti & meatballs | Tinea (fungal infection |
| Thick, yellow, brittle nails | Onychomycosis. Tx = PO Terbinafine |
| Infant w/ erythematous, scaly crusty lesions at vertex of scalp | Cradle cap – seborrheic dermatitis (Tx in infants w/ baby shampoo, warm olive oil compress, mild Hydrocortisone cream; Adults – selenium sulfide shampoo) |
| Children < 10yo w/ vesicles on pharynx, mouth, hands, feet w/ NO ulceration | Hand-Foot-Mouth disease. Coxksackie Virus |
| Healthy looking < 5yo with lace-like rash on both cheeks – red papules | Erythema infectiosum; “Slapped cheek”, “5th Dz” (parvo B19) |
| Pediatric with high fever then after fever macular rash over trunk and neck. (rash after defervesence) | Roseola infantum (Herpesvirus); Motrin, symptomatic treatment |
| Truncal Rash in pediatric after fever | Roseola infantum (Herpesvirus); Motrin, symptomatic treatment |
| Fever, pharyngitis, “sandpaper” rash over face, neck, trunk, extremities | Scarlet Fever |
| High fever (up to 105F) x 5 days then rash. May have conjunctivitis, cracking, lip fissures | Kawasaki Disease; look for cardiac complications (myocarditis, pericarditis, arteritis, aneurysms) |
| Erythema marginatum | Rheumatic Fever |
| Dark skinned person with “whitening or lightening” of skin. Hx pernicious anemia or other autoimmune disease | Vitiligo. Skin biopsy to diagnose |
| Postauricular & occipital LAD; maculopapular rash on face then spreads = | Rubella (german measles); dx w/paired sera; resolves in 4 days; sx tx |
| Leser-Trelat sx: | Sudden eruption of many seborrheic keratoses may be a cutaneous sign of internal malignancy |
| Dermatofibroma sites | usually legs, but also trunk & arms |
| Dimple sign & button sign: for: | dermatofibroma |
| junctional nevus: | clustered at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ); Flat or slightly raised, tan or brown, round or oval lesions |
| compound nevus: | Nevus cells found at both the DEJ & in the dermis; Slightly to markedly raised, tan, brown, or black papules. |
| intradermal nevus: | Raised, soft, flesh-colored, tan, or brown papules. Pigment may be arranged in flecks; may see coarse hairs |
| halo nevus | rim of depigmentation; autoimmune; usually repigments; may be assoc w/vitiligo & malignant melanoma |
| spitz nevus | kids (rarely adults); benign, pink, tan, or brown dome-shaped smooth papules; face, scalp, neck, and legs; rapid growth; excision bc melanoma may arise from spitz nevus |
| developmental anomaly appearing as a brown patch, a patch of hair, or both: | Becker’s nevus |
| Ephilides = | freckles |
| Fordyce spots: | Ectopically located sebaceous glands |
| These do not blanch well using diascopy: | cherry angioma |
| Herpes keratitis tx | NO steroids. Get immediate ophthalmology referral |
| oral candida (thrush) tx | fluconazole, itraconazole, or Ampho B |
| Candidal fungemia tx | life threatening (40% mortality); IV ampho B; add flucytosine if disseminated dz |
| hidradenitis suppurativa mgmt | If abscess: I&D then inject triamcinolone. Abx |
| hidradenitis suppurativa risk factors | obesity, apocrine gland obstruction, FH of acne or hidradenitis suppurativa |
| molluscum contagiosum etiology | Poxvirus (MCV-1 & MCV-2) via skin-skin contact. Mostly kids, adults (via sex) & pts with HIV |
| Cellulitis in kids | H flu: tend to occur on face & neck. S aureus: tend to occur on extremities. GABHS also common organism |
| Cellulitis organisms in adults | S aureus and GABHS |
| Cellulitis tx | If penicillinase producer: Augmentin, dicloxacillin, azithro. If not: Pen VK, Keflex (esp for H flu) |
| Necrotizing fasciitis tx | Oxacillin, nafcillin, or cefazolin IV |
| Tx of sxs (eg, paronychia) in cutaneous candida | Castellani paint |
| Cutaneous candidiasis tx | topical nystatin or imidazole cream QID x14d; if failure: Ketoconazole |
| Most common benign tumors of infancy | Hemangiomas |
| Hemangioma mgmt | Corticosteroids 1stline (Vincristine if resistant). Propranolol. Surgical: cryoablation |
| Sudden enlargement of existing hemangioma with low platelets & coagulopathy = | Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (high mortality). Positive Glut-1 marker helps with dx |
| Port wine stains (PWS) may be associated with: | Sturge-Weber syndrome (PWS in ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve) or Klippel-Trenauney-Weber syndrome (Parkes Weber syndrome if AVF) |
Created by:
Abarnard
Popular Medical sets