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AP Unit 1
Paleolithic Era - River Valley Civilizations
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Paleolithic | Old Stone Age, a long period of human development before the development of agriculture |
Neolithic Revolution | New Stone Age, which was marked by the discovery and mastery of agriculture |
Nomads | People without a permanent home who travel from place to place to find food and water. |
Pastoralists | Those whose livelihoods are based on raising and herding livestock |
Mesopotamia | "Between the rivers" in this case the area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers |
cuneiform | "Wedge -shaped" written language of the Sumerians, possibly the first written script in the world |
ziggurats | Mesopotamian temples |
city-state | Urban areas that controlled the surrounding agricultural regions and often loosely connected in a broader political structure |
Hieroglyphics | Ancient Egyptian written language |
Pharaohs | Egyptian kings considered to be gods on earth |
Monotheism | Belief in only one god |
Polytheism | Belief in many gods |
Caste/Varna | A fixed class system in which one is born into, determines social hierarchy and occupation. |
Karma | Hindu concept that the sum of good and bad in a person's life will determine his or her status in the next life |
Mandate of Heaven | Chinese belief that the emperors ruled through the mandate, or approval, of heaven contingent on their ability to look after the welfare of the population |
Oracle bones | Chinese Shang dynasty means of foretelling the future |
Metallurgy | The art and science of extracting metal from their ores and modifying the metals for use |