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MSA FINAL
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the definition of FLEXION? | The movement that bends a joint or brings the bones closer together. |
| What is the definition of EXTENSION? | The movement that straightens or opens a joint. |
| What is the definition of CIRCUMDUCTION? | Involves a combination of FLEXION, extension, adduction, & abduction. Possible only at the shoulder and hip joints. |
| What is ABDUCTION? | Moves a limb laterally away from midline. ("Abduct or carry away") |
| What is ADDUCTION? | Brings a limb medially toward the body's midline. ("Adding to the body.") |
| SUPERIOR | Closer to the head |
| INFERIOR | Closer to the feet |
| CRANIAL | Closer to the head (Used when referring to structures on the trunk) |
| CAUDAL | Closer to the buttocks. (Used when referring to structures on the trunk.) |
| POSTERIOR | Pertains to a structure further toward the back of the body than another structure. |
| ANTERIOR | Refers to a structure further in front. |
| MEDIAL | A structure closer to the midline (or center) of the body. |
| LATERAL | A structure further away from the midline of the body. |
| DISTAL | Structure further away from the trunk or body's midline. Only used when referring to arms & legs. |
| PROXIMAL | Designates a structure closer to the trunk. Only used when referring to arms and legs. |
| SUPERFICIAL | A structure closer to the body's surface. |
| DEEP | Refers to a structure deeper in the body. |
| What is the bone that you can feel the length of the forearm? | ULNA |
| What are METACARPALS? | 5 long bones spanning the palm of the hand. |
| What are PHALANGES? | Bones of the fingers. |
| What muscles move the ribs? | Serratus Posterior Superior & Inferior |
| Which rotator cuff muscle is NOT involved in shoulder rotation? | Supraspinatus |
| Action of the TIBIALIS POSTERIOR | INVERT the foot PLANTAR FLEX the ankle. |
| What bone extends down the leg and is easily palpated? | Tibia |