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PMI Chap 7-13 Final
PMI Study Guide Chap 7-13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An anti-glycolytic agent: a. Enhances coagulation b. Inhibits thrombin formation c. Keeps the specimen from clotting d. Prevents the breakdown of glucose | d. Prevents the breakdown of glucose |
| Sharps container don't have to be: a. Marked "bio-hazard" b. Disposable c. Puncture - resistant d. Recyclable | d. Recyclable |
| Which of the following substances would be the best thing to use to disinfect a blood spill on a lab coutertop to clean up? a. A 1:10 dilution of bleach b. 70% Isopropyl alcohol c. Antibacterial soap and water d. Providone-iodine swab sticks | a. A 1:10 dilution of bleach |
| This needle is the standard needle for routine venipuncture: a. 20 g b. 21 g c. 22 g d. 23 g | b. 21 g |
| Needles are color-coded according to : a. Expiration date b. Gague c. Length d. Manufacturer | b. Gague |
| The most common, direct and efficient means of venipuncture is: a. Butterfly and tube holder b. Butterfly and syringe c. ETS needle and tube holder d. Needle and syringe | c. ETS needle and tube holder |
| Which of the following would be the best choice of equipment for drawing a small vein? a. 21 g needle and syringe b. 22 g needle and ETS holder c. 23 g butterfly and ETS holder d.25 g butterlfy and syringe | c. 23 g butterfly and ETS holder |
| Which of the following equipment is required in collecting blood by syringe? a. Multi-sample needles b. Tube Holder c. Transfer device d. Winged infusion set | c. Transfer device |
| Which anticoagulant prevents coagulation by inhibiting thrombin formation? a. EDTA b. Heparin c. Sodium Citrate d. Potassium Oxalate | b. Heparin |
| Which of the following tubes would typically be used to collect plasma for a stat chemistry specimen? a. Lt. Blue/Full b. PST c. Red d. Sterile Yellow | b. PST |
| EDTA is a(n): a. Anticoagulant b. Clot Activator c. Blocose preservative d. Plasma separator | a. Anticoagulant |
| A light blue topped tube is most often associate with test in the department: a. Chemistry b. Hematology c. Coagulation d. Serology | c. Coagulation |
| Of the following tubes, which would be filled second from a syringe according to the CLSI recommended order of draw? a. Gray b. Lavender c. Lt. Blue Full d. Green | d. Green |
| A PST tube contains: a. Citrate and gel b. EDTA and gel c. Heparin and gel d. Silica and gel | c. Heparin and gel |
| Of the following tubes of containers, which is filled in the ETS order of draw? a. Lavender b. Lt. Blue Full c. PST d. SPS | d. SPS |
| For which of the following tubes is the blood-to-additive ratio most critical? a. Green b. Lavender c, Lt. Blue Full d. Red | c, Lt. Blue Full |
| Which of the following additives provides a physical barrier to prevent glycolysis? a. EDTA b. Silica c. Sodium Flouride d.Thixotropic gel | c. Sodium Flouride |
| Which of the following tubes contains an anticoagulant that works by binding calcium? a.Green b. Lt. Blue Full c. PST d. SST | b. Lt. Blue Full |
| What is the purpose of a royal blue-topped tube? a. Minimize trace-element contamination b. Prevent the breakdown of glucose c. Prevent the specimen from clotting d. Protect the specimen from light | a. Minimize trace-element contamination |
| A vein the has patency: a. Feels hard and cord like b. Has a bounce and resilience to it c. Is fairly deep in the tissues d. Shouldn't be used for venipuncture | b. Has a bounce and resilience to it |
| Which type of test requisition has been shown to decrease laboratory errors? a. Bar coded b. Computer c. Manual d. Verbal | a. Bar coded |
| A student asks the patient for permission to draw a blood specimen. Which of the following answers implies that the student does not really have permission? a. As long as you're good at it b. Which arm do you want? c. Yes, but I would rather not d. | c. Yes, but I would rather not |
| You have a request to collect a stat specimen. A doctor is with the patient when you arrive. What should you do? a. Call your supervisor and ask what to do b. Excuse yourself and politely ask the doctor for permission to do the draw c. Leave the room | b. Excuse yourself and politely ask the doctor for permission to do the draw |
| You're in the process of identifying an inpatient. The patient's verbal confirmation of name/DOB matches the requisition, but medical record number is different. What should you do? a. Change the requisition number to math the ID band and collect the s | c. Do not collect the specimen until the problem has been addressed and resolved |
| You are a phlebotomy student on rotation at an outpatient site. A patient who seems extremely apprehensive about having their blood drawn tells you that they are afraid of needles. What should you do? a. Ask an experienced phlebotomist to preform the d | a. Ask an experienced phlebotomist to preform the draw for you |
| There are two patients in a room. One of them has a latex allergy. You have a request to collect a blood specimen on the other pateint. How should you proceed? a. Ask the allergic patient to wear a mask until you leave b. Do not take any latex into th | b. Do not take any latex into the room |
| The best way to judge patency of a vein is the : a. Feel it to determine the strength of the pulse b. Palpate above and below where you first feel it c. Press and release it several times to determine resilience d. Roll your finger from side to sid | c. Press and release it several times to determine resilience |
| When should additive tubes be mixed? a. After all the other tubes have been collected b. As soon as they are removed from the holder c. Never d. While you are filling any of the other tubes | b. As soon as they are removed from the holder |
| The proper way to transfer blood from a syringe to an ETS tube is: a. Discard the needle, open the tube and slowly inject the blood into it b. Hold the tube carefully and insert the needle through the tube stopper c. Place the tube in a rack and ins | d.Safely remove the needle and attach a transfer device to fill the tube |
| You are preforming a venipuncture on a difficult vein using butterfly. You have an SST and a Lt Blue tube to collect. How do you proceed? a. Collect and mix the SST before filling and mixing the Lt. Blue top b. Collect and mix the Lt. Blue top before | c. Draw a clear tube, fill and mix the Lt. Blue top, then fill and mix the SST |
| Skin changes in elderly patients can make it harder to: a. Anchor veins b. Injure veins c. Palpate veins d. See the veins | a. Anchor veins |
| Which type of disease is most likely to cause tremors? a. Alzheimer's b. Arthritis c. Diabetes d. Parkinson's | d. Parkinson's |
| The medical term for fainting: a. Edematous b. Exsanguination c. Reflux d. Syncope | d. Syncope |
| Which of the following tests is affected the most if collected from a crying infant? a. Bilirubin b. Cholesterol c. Lead Level d. WBC count | d. WBC count |
| A hematoma may result from: a. Inadequate site pressue applied after a venipuncture b. Needle penetration through the back wall of the vein c. Using a needle that is too large for the vein d. All of the above | d. All of the above |
| Results of this test have direct correlation with the patients age: a. Blood culture b. Creatinine Clearance c. Glucose d. Hemoglobin | b. Creatinine Clearance |
| According to CAP guidelines, drugs that interfere with blood tests should be stopped: a. 1 to 4 hours prior to the test b. 4 to 24 hours prior to the test c. 24 to 48 hours prior to the test d. 48 to 72 hours prior to the test | b. 4 to 24 hours prior to the test |
| Which of the following specimen conditions would lead you to suspect that the patient was not fasting when it was collected? a. Cloudy white serum b. Pale-yellow plasma c. Pink to reddish plasma d. Yellowish brown serum | a. Cloudy white serum |
| A phlebotomist needs to collect a plasma specimen for a coagulation test. The patient has an IV in the left arm, near the wrist and hematoma in the antecubital area of the right arm. Which of the following is the best place to collect a specimen? a. Ab | c. Distal to the hematoma |
| A patients arm is in anatomical position. There appears to be a loop under the skin between the wrist and the elbow. You feel a buzzing sensation when you touch it. What you are most likely feeling is: a. AV graft b. Implanted port c. PICC d. Sclero | a. AV graft |
| A patient has had a mastectomy on the left side and has an IV midway down the right arm. Where is the best place to preform a venipuncture? a. Above the IV on the right arm b. Below the IV on the right arm c. In the left AC area d. In the left hand | b. Below the IV on the right arm |
| While you are in the middle of drawing a blood specimen, your patient starts to faint. The first thing you should do it: a. apply a cold compress directly to the patients forehead b. grab ammonia inhalant and wave it near the patients nose c. quickly | c. quickly release the tourniquet and remove the needle |
| Blood loss to a point where life cannot be sustained is called: a. Diurnal variation b. Exsanguination c. Iatrogenic anemia d. Vasovagal syncope | b. Exsanguination |
| Which of the following specimens would most likely be rejected for testing? a. A hemolyzed potassium specimen b. An icteric bilirubin specimen c. A non-fasting glucose specimen d. An under-filled serum tube | a. A hemolyzed potassium specimen |
| Which of the following is a clue that you have accidentally punctured an artery instead of a vein? a. Blood is a dark bluish red b. Blood spurts into the tube c. The patient feels great pain d. All of the above | d. All of the above |
| The serum of plasma of a hemolyzed specimen wold most likely look: a. Cloudy or turbid b. Pale yellow c. Pinkish to red d. Yellowish brown | c. Pinkish to red |
| Underfilling this tube will most likely result in a hemolyzed specimen. a. EDTA tube b. Lt. Blue tube c. Gray tube d. SST | c. Gray tube |
| Which activity can contamiante a specimen and affect the testing preformed on it? a. Cleaning the site with alcohol before drawing on ETOH specimen b. Collecting blood cultures before the providone-iodine is totally dry c. Using providone-iodine to c | d. All of the above |
| The best way to keep a vein from rolling is to: a. Insert the needle at a 45 degree angle b. Make certain to anchor it well c. Tie the tourniquet very tight d. Use a large diameter needle | b. Make certain to anchor it well |
| Which of the following is most likely to affect test results? a. Edema b. Petehiae c. Reflux d. Syncope | a. Edema |
| An inherited metabolic disorder detected through newborn screeing: a. Diabetes b. Glucose c. Phenylketonuria d. Potassium | c. Phenylketonuria |
| Which of the following equipment is needed for a malaria test? a. Capillary test b. Clay sealant c. Glass slide d. Micro-hematocrit tube | c. Glass slide |
| A plasma specimen for this type of test cannot be collected by capillary puncture: a. Chemistry b. Coagulation c. Hematology d. All of the above | b. Coagulation |
| Capillary blood composition more closely resembles: a. Arterial blood b. Lymph fluid c. Tissue fluid d. Venous blood | a. Arterial blood |
| The concentration of this analyte is normally lower in capillary specimens than in venous specimens: a. Calcium b. Glucose c. Hemoglobin d. All of the above | a. Calcium |
| Capillary collection is the preferred method of blood collection in infants because: a. An infant can be injured by the restraining method used b. Removing larger quantities of blood can lead to anemia c. Venipuncture may damage veins and surrounding | d. All of the above |
| If using capillary puncture to collect the following micro-tubes from a patient, which one would be collect first? a. Gray b. Green c. Lavender d. Red | c. Lavender |
| Which of the following is a recommended site for a finger puncture in adults? a. End of segment of the little finger b. Distal segment of the middle finger c. Plantar surface of the index finger d. Proximal segment of the ring finger | b. Distal segment of the middle finger |
| The medial plantar surface of the heel is located: a. At the very back portion of the heel b. In the middle of the bottom of the heel c. On the big toe side of the bottom of the heel d. On the little toe side of the bottom of the heel | b. In the middle of the bottom of the heel |
| It is necessary to control the depth of the lancet insertion during heel puncture to avoid: a. Bacterial contamination b. Bone injury c. Excessive bleeding d. Puncturing a vein | b. Bone injury |
| The primary purpose of warming a capillary site is to: a. Delay clotting b. Increase blood flow c. Minimize contamination d. Reduce hemo-concentration | b. Increase blood flow |
| Skin pain fibers increase in abundance: a. In the upper epidermis b. Below 2.4mm in depth c. Beyond 4.9mm in depth d. Within the vascular bed | b. Below 2.4mm in depth |
| Adult capillary puncture may be preformed when: a. There are no accessible veins b. The patient has thrombotic tendencies c. Veins must be saved for chem d. All of the above | d. All of the above |
| Wipe away the first drop of blood during the capillary puncture to: a. Minimize tissue fluid contamination b. Reduce the chance of hemolysis c. Remove any alcohol residue d. All of the above | d. All of the above |
| Do not use povidone-iodine to clean the skin puncture sites because it interferes with: a. Potassium results b. Phosphorus results c. Uric Acid results d. All of the above | d. All of the above |
| Which of the following represents proper capillary specimen collection techniques: a. Clean the site with alcohol and wipe it dry so it won't sting b. Punctre the skin parallel to the whorls of the finger print c. Squeeze the finger hard to get the v | d. Touch the scoop to the blood drop, not the skin surface |
| Blood smears made using EDTA specimens should be prepared within: a. 1 hour b. 2 hours c. 6 hours d. 24 hours | a. 1 hour |
| An infant bilirubin specimen is collected in an amber micro-tube to: a. Flag it as a capillary specimen b. Identify it as a bilirubin specimen c. Protect the specimen from the light d. Reduce the chance of hemolysis | c. Protect the specimen from the light |
| Which of the following PKU collection techniques is incorrect? a. Air dry the slips horizontally b. Completely fill every circle c. Do not touch the filter paper d. Fill circle from both sides | d. Fill circle from both sides |
| Which of the following can result in a blood smear that is too long? a. Angle of spreader slide is too steep b. Blood drop is too large or too thin c. Spreader slide is pushed too quickly d. Patient has a high hemoglobin level | a. Angle of spreader slide is too steep |
| What should be done if a patient is still bleeding 10 minutes after checking the site? a. Reapply pressure for additional 2 minutes and make note of the issue b. Place a tourniquet c. Reapply pressure for additional 2 minutes and place a tourniquet d. | d. Notify the patients nurse or physician |
| Which of the following needles has the smallest gauge? a. 18 b. 20 c. 22 d. 23 | d. 23 |
| How can you tell a vein from an artery? a. An artery has a pulse b. A vein has more resilience c. A vein looks blue, and artery looks red d. A vein feels larger | a. An artery has a pulse |
| Which of the following sites would normally be eliminated as a skin puncutre site? a. The middle or ring finger of a warm, adult hand b. A site below an IV c. The lateral plantar surface of a baby's heel d. An edematous extremity | d. An edematous extremity |
| Which agency is responsible for clearing medical devices for marketing purposes? a. NCCLS b. FDA c. OSHA d. HICPAC | b. FDA |
| Success of pediatric blood collection is most dependent on: a. Patient immobilization b. Aseptic technique c. Order of draw d. Tourniquet applicaton | a. Patient immobilization |
| The most important step in specimen collection is: a. Entering the patients room correctly b. Handling visitors c. Identifying the patient d. Identifying yourself to the patient | c. Identifying the patient |
| At what angle is the pusher slide normally used when making a routine blood smear? a. 15 degrees b. 30 degrees c. 45 degress d. 60 degrees | b. 30 degrees |
| Maximum depth of a heel puncture by NCCLS: a. 1.5mm b. 2.0mm c. 2.4mm d 4.9mm | b. 2.0mm |
| What is the recomended site for skin puncture on children 2+: a. Palmar fleshy portion of the middle finger b. Bottom of the ear lobe c. Fleshy side of thumb d. Plantar medial or lateral surface of the heel | a. Palmar fleshy portion of the middle finger |
| What is the most common and preferred system for collecting blood samples? a. ETS b. Syringe c. Butterfly d. Combination system | a. ETS |
| List the ETS Order of Draw | Sterile Yellow/BC bottles Lt Blue/Full Red SST PST Green Lavender Gray |
| List the Syringe Order of Draw | Sterile Yellow/ blood culture bottles Lt Blue/Full PST Green Lavender Gray Red SST |
| List the additives for the following tubes: Sterile Yellow/BC bottles Lt. Blue/Full Red SST PST Green Lavender Gray | Sterile Yellow/BC bottles: ACD-A, ACDB, SPS Lt. Blue/Full: Sodium Citrate (NaC) Red: no additives/silica particles/serum SST: Polmer Gel or/ Thrombin Gel & Serum PST: Thixotropic Gel & Lithium Heparin Green - Sodium, Lithium and Ammonium Heparin (H |
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sueboltz16
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