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Vital Signs
Blood Pressure, Temperature, Pulse, and Respirations
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Korotkoff Sounds | The sounds you listen for when taking someones blood pressure |
| Systolic | Represented by the top number |
| Diastolic | Represented by the bottom number |
| Normal BP Age: 1 Month | 85/54 |
| Normal BP Age: 1 year old | 95/65 |
| Normal BP Age: 6 year old | 105/65 |
| Normal BP Age: 10-13 year old | 110/65 |
| Normal BP Age: 14-17 | 120/75 |
| Normal BP Age: 18 and older | Less than 120/80 |
| T/F BP decreases with age | False. BP increases with age |
| BP for Pre-hypertension | 120-139/80-89 |
| BP for Hypertension Stage 1 | 140-159/90-99 |
| BP for Hypertension Stage 2 | 160 and higher/100 and higher |
| Normal Oral Temperature Range | 97-99 *F |
| Low Grade Fever Oral Temp. | 99.1-100.4 |
| Switch temp. from oral to rectal | Add 1 |
| Switch temp. from oral to temporal | Add 1 |
| Switch temp. from oral to axillary | Subtract 1 |
| Switch temp. from oral to ear (aural) | Remains the same |
| How is body temp. maintained? | Through balance of the heat produced in the body and the heat lost form the body. |
| Factors that cause body temp. variation | drinking, eating, age, emotional status, pregnancy, diurnal variation (during sleep), environment, and normal body temp. |
| How is body heat produced? | Voluntary and involuntary muscle function, peristalsis, heart beat, shivering, and cell metabolism |
| Radiation | Transfer of heat in waves |
| How is body heat lost? | Perspiration, sleeping, urine, water vapor from the lungs, radiation, conduction, and convection |
| Name 9 Pulse sites | 1) Temporal 2) Carotid 3) Apical 4) Brachial 5) Femoral 6) Radial 7) Popliteal 8) Dorsalis Pedis 9) Ulnar |
| Mechanism of a pulse | The force of the blood through the artery through he contraction of the ventricle |
| Pulse Rhythm | Pulse rhythm denotes the time interval between heart beats |
| Pulse Volume | Pulse volume refers to the strength of the heart beat |
| Infant-1 year old Normal Pulse Range | 120-160bpm |
| Toddler: 1-3 years old Normal Pulse Range | 90-140bpm |
| Preschool: 3-5 years old Normal Pulse Range | 80-110bpm |
| School: 6-12 years old Normal Pulse Range | 75-105pbm |
| Adolescent-Adult: 13-60 Normal Pulse Range | 60-100pbm |
| Over age 60 Normal Pulse Range | 67-80pbm |
| T/F Women tend to have a lower pulse than men | False - Women have a higher pulse than men do |
| Pulse ________ as we age | Decreases |
| List the factors that affect a pulse | Age (older, lower - younger higher), gender (women > men), physical activity - higher, emotional state (fear, anxiety, anger - higher), metabolism, pregnancy, and medications |
| What is the minimum time a pulse should be counted to asses BPM | 30 seconds |
| Pulse Ox | Measures saturation of peripheral oxygen |
| Pulse Ox % | 95% or higher for all patients |
| Can cardiac problems affect Sp02 | Yes |
| Sp02 | Peripheral capillary oxygen saturation: estimation of oxygen saturation level |
| Normal Respiratory Rate | 12-20 respirations per minute |
| Respiratory Rhythm | Rhythm is the time between each breath |
| Respiratory depth | Depth is the strength of your breath or how deep you breath |
| Hyperventilation | Very fast paced breathing |
| Hypopnea | Abnormally slow or shallow breathing |
| Hyperpnea | Increased breathing depth |
| Dyspnea | Short of Breath |
Created by:
Dott
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