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WHI.5 (2015)
Greek Civilizations
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Classical Greek Civilization | A civilization that emerged after the River Valley Civilizations in the Aegean Basin. |
Peninsula | A geographic term that defines a land mass surrounded on three sides by water. |
Natural Barriers | Geographic forms that do not allow easy land passage (ex: Mountains, Oceans) |
Greek Mythology | Religion based on polytheism of gods and goddesses that offer an explanation of natural phenomena and human qualities. |
Democracy | A form of government where the citizens of the country get to have input into the government. |
Greek Citizens | A group defined as free adult males who had rights and responsibilities of civic participation in the government. |
Athenian Tyrants | Greek leaders who had total control of the country and initiated reforms. (ex: Draco & Solon) |
Athens | A Greek city-state that created a direct democracy. |
Sparta | A Greek city-state that was ruled by oligarchy and rigid militaristic structure. |
Oligarchy | A form of government where a small group of leaders control the government. |
Aristocracy | A form of government where a elite group control the government. |
Persian Wars | Wars fought between the Persians and a united Athens & Sparta city-states. |
Golden Age of Pericles | A period of peace between two wars that allowed for the extension of democracy and rebuilding of Athens with structures like the Parthenon. |
Pericles | An Athenian leader that extended democracy and rebuilt Athens after the Persian War. |
Delian League | A group of Greek city-states that joined together with Athens in the Peloponnesian War. |
Peloponnesian League | A group of Greek city-states that joined together with Sparta in the Peloponnesian War. |
Peloponnesian War | Wars fought between the Delian League and Peloponnesian League over the competition for control of the Greece. |
Phillip of Macedonia | Macedonian king who conquered Greece and returned it to a monarchy. |
Alexander the Great | Macedonian king who increased his empire all the way to India, Egypt and the Near East. |
Aeschylus & Sophocles | Greek writers of drama that contributed to Western Civilization. |
Iliad & Odyssey | Two books written by the Greek author of poetry Homer. |
Herodotus & Thucydides | Greek writers of history that contributed to Western Civilization. |
Archimedes & Hippocrates | Greek scientists that contributed to Western Civilization. |
Socrates, Plato & Aristotle | Greek philosophers that contributed to Western Civilization. |
Euclid & Pythagoras | Greek mathematicians that contributed to Western Civilization. |
Phidias | Greek artist who created sculpture that contributed to Western Civilization. |
Doric, Ionic & Corinthian | Type of columns used in Greek architecture |