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WHI.4 (2015)
Civilizations of Persia, Indian and China
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Persian Empire | Empire characterized by cultural and religious tolerance, imperial bureaucracy, and the religion of Zoroastrianism. |
Imperial Bureaucracy | Government style of a large empire where each region of the empire is controlled by a governor who reports to the central government or King. |
Zoroastrianism | Persian religion that believed in two opposing forces within the universe. |
Classical Indian Civilizations | Civilizations that began in the Indus and Ganges River Valleys and spread throughout the Indian Subcontinent. |
Harrappa & Mohenjo-Daro | Early river civilizations in the Indian River Valley Civilization |
Mauryan Empire | Empire characterized by political unification of India and the spread of Buddhism under Asoka. |
Gupta Empire | Empire characterized by the Golden Age of Classical India |
Caste System | Social structure that is rigid and people are born into and define all interactions and choices of occupations. |
indigenous | people groups living where they were born |
Hindu Kush | Mountain pass between Indian subcontinent and Middle East that fostered trade |
Hinduism | Religion developed in classical India that believes in many forms of one God. A person is judged by Karma for reincarnation for future life. |
Reincarnation | Term for Hindu's belief in rebirth based on Karma |
Karma | Term for Hindu's belief that all thoughts and actions result in future consequences |
Vedas & Upanishads | Name of Hindu sacred religious writtings |
Buddhism | Religion developed in India by Siddhartha Gautama based on the Four Noble Truths and Eight-fold Path to Enlightenment. |
Ashoka | Mauryan Empire leader who sent Buddhist missionaries throughout Asia (China). |
Siddhartha Guatama | Founder of Buddhism that originated in India and then spread to China. |
Classical Chinese Civilization | Early river civilization based on Huang He (Yellow River) |
Mandate of Heaven | Theory that Chinese rulers were divine and given the right to rule only if they were a just ruler. |
Great Wall | Built by Qin Shi Huangdi as a line of defense against invasions |
Civil Service System | Classical Chinese government selections system based on the Confucian model. |
Confucianism | Religion developed in China that is based on harmony of relationships, respect for elders and ancestor worship |
Taoism | Religion developed in China that is based on humility, inner peace and harmony with nature. |
Yin & Yang | Religious symbols that represent opposites. |