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AP Human Geography-1
BIG IDEAS for the AP Human Geography test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Diffusion | the spatial spreading or dissemination of a culture element |
| Expansion diffusion | the spread of an innovation or an idea through a population in an area |
| Contagious diffusion | the distance-controlled spreading of an idea, innovation, or some other item through a local population by contact from person to person. |
| Hierarchical diffusion | a form of diffusion in which an idea or innovation spreads by trickling down from larger to smaller adoption units |
| Stimulus diffusion | Stimulus diffusion is the spread of an underlying principle, even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse. |
| Relocation diffusion | spread of an innovation, idea, or other item via the movement of people from one area to another. |
| Perceptual region | regions that reflect human feelings and attitudes about areas. These are very subjective, meaning that they are based more on opinions than facts. |
| Formal regions | Regions defined formally, often by government or other structures |
| Functional region | made up of a central place and surrounding areas affected by it for example: the corn belt, a metropolitan area, or an area that works majorly with mining |
| Globalization | the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture |
| Scale | The ratio between the size of an area on a map and he actual size of that same area on the earth's surface |
| Population pyramid | also called an age pyramid or age picture diagram-is a graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population (typically that of a country or region of the world), which forms the shape of a pyramid when the population i |
| Demographic transition model (DTM) | illustration of the transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system. |
| Push factor | a negative aspect or condition that motivates one to leave, esp. in one's country, region, organization, religion, etc |
| Pull factor | a positive aspect or condition that motivates one to come, esp. in ones country, region, organization, religion, etc. |
| Pop culture | modern popular culture transmitted via mass media and aimed particularly at younger people- has a definite origin |
| Folk culture | Folk culture refers to the unifying expressive components of everyday life as enacted by localized, tradition-bound groups. |
| Religious locations | place where a religion is prominent, usually near that religions holy site, or one of the holy sites |
| Colonialism | the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically |
| Imperialism | a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. ruled by an emperor sometimes |
| Federal state | a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions under a central (federal) government |
| Unitary state | sovereign state governed as a single entity. The central government is supreme, and the administrative divisions exercise only powers that the central government has delegated to them. |
| Agribuisness | agriculture conducted on commercial principles, especially using advanced technology. |
| Green revolution | a set of research, development, and technology transfer initiatives occurring between the 1930s and the late 1960s, that increased agricultural production worldwide |
| Industrial revolution | The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840 |
| Maliquadoras | American owned buisnesses that are standing near the Ameican/Mexican border to take advantage of lower labor costs and lower import tarrifs |
| Human development index (HDI) | a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income per capita indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development |
| Primary consumer | Economic activity that directly extracts or harvests from the Earth. |
| Secondary consumer | Economic activity that transforms raw materials into usable products, adding value in the process. |
| Tertiary consumer | Economic activity that links the primary and secondary sectors to the consumers and other businesses either by selling goods directly or by performing services utilizing those goods. |
| Quaternary consumer | The research and distribution of information |
| Gravity model | predicts bilateral trade flows based on the economic sizes (often using GDP measurements) and distance between two units |
| Urban renewal | the redevelopment of areas within a large city, typically involving the clearance of slums |
| Sustainable development | development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs |
Created by:
HfireBOS
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