Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Medical Terminology
Chapter 5 & 6 - Digestive System Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| absorption | passage of materials through to walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream |
| amino acids | small building blocks of proteins; released when proteins are digested |
| amylase | enzymes secreted by the pancreas and salivary glands to digest starch |
| anus | terminal end of opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body |
| appendix | blind pouch hanging from the cecum |
| bile | digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder |
| bilirubin | pigment released by the liver in bile |
| bowel | intestines |
| canine teeth | pointed teeth next to the incisors |
| cecum | first part of the large intestine |
| colon | consists of the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid segments |
| common bile duct | carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum |
| defecation | elimination of feces |
| deglution | swallowing |
| dentin | primary material found in teeth |
| digestion | breakdown of complex foods to simpler forms |
| duodenum | first part of the small intestines |
| elimination | act of removal of materials from the body |
| emulsification | physical process of breaking up fat globules |
| enamel | hard, outermost layer of a tooth |
| enzyme | chemical that speeds up reactions between substances |
| esophagus | tube connecting the throat to the stomach |
| fatty acids | substances produces when fats are digested |
| feces | solid wastes; stool |
| gallbladder | small sac under the liver; stores bile |
| glucose | simple sugar |
| glycogen | starch; glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in liver cells |
| hydrochloric acid | substance produces by the stomach; necessary for digestion of food |
| ileum | third part of the small intestines |
| incisor | on of four front teeth |
| insulin | hormone produces by endocrine cells of the pancreas; |
| jejunum | second part of the small intestine |
| lipase | pancreatic enzyme needed to digest fats |
| liver | large organ located in the RUQ of the abdomen |
| lower esophageal sphincter (LES) | ring of muscles between esophagus and stomach |
| mastication | chewing |
| pancreas | organ under the stomach; produces insulin and anzymes |
| papillae | small, nipple-like elevations on the tongue |
| parotid glands | salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear |
| peristalsis | rhythmic contractions of the tubular organs |
| pharynx | throat, |
| portal vein | large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines |
| protease | enzyme that digests protein |
| pyloric sphincter | ring of muscles at the end of the stomach |
| pylorus | distal region ofthe stomach |
| rectum | last section of the large intestine, connecting the end of the colon and the anus |
| rugae | ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach |
| saliva | digestive juice produced by salivary glands |
| salivary glands | parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands |
| sigmoid colon | forth and last segment of the colon |
| sphincter | circular ring on muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening |
| stomach | muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus |
| triglycerides | fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acids and one part glycerol |
| uvula | soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate |
| villi | microscopic projections in the wall of the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodstream |
Created by:
KariTansowny
Popular Medical sets