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Stack #220069
Surgical Pharmacology & Anesthesia - Chpt 9 - AST Surg Tech
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology is: | the study of medications and their actions, including drug origins, properties and usage. |
| Drug is defined as: | a substance used as medicine for the dianosis, treatment, cure, mitigation, or prevention of disease or condition. |
| Contraindictions are: | a list of circumstances or medical condtitions under which the medication should not be used. |
| An agonist is: | a drug that stimulates or prolongs the response of a drug or a physiologic action |
| An antagonist: | binds to the agonist's receptor site, preventing the agonist from binding there and causing its desired effect. |
| The prefix that designates 1000 times in the metric system is: | Kilo |
| The basic unit of measure for weight in the metric system is the: | gram |
| The number of milliliters in an ounce is: | 30 ml |
| The number of milliters in a cup is: | 240 ml |
| Medication used to relieve pain is a/an: | analgesic |
| A drug for high potential additiona and abuse is a/an: | controlled substance |
| Anesthesia produced by marked cooling is: | Cryoansethesia |
| An example of a type of drug used to prevent disease is a/an: | vaccine |
| The route of administration that produces the most immediate action is: | IV |
| Saying that a drug is to be given hs means that: | it should be taken at bedtime |
| The needle gauge most appropriate for local infiltration is: | 25 gauge |
| A contrast medium used when performing a cholangiogram is: | diatrizoate sodium (Hypaque) |
| Amnesia is: | lack of recall |
| Anaphylaxis is: | immediate manifestation of a hypersensitivity to a specific substance, usually resulting in respiratory distress and vascular collapse |
| Anesthesia is: | lack of sensation |
| Antagonist is: | a drug that blocks the action of another drug or physiologic action without producing any effect of its own |
| Antimuscarinic means: | (formerly known as anticholinergic) agents that block cholinergic (parasympathetic) effects, such as salivation and bradycardia |
| Aspiration as applies to anethesia means: | inadvertent inhalation of gastric contents or a foreign body into the lungs |
| Biotechnology is: | source of drugs that are genetically engineered in the laboratory; also referred to as recombinant DNA technology |
| Buccal | refers to the cheek; buccal medication administration is considered topical; the medication is placed between the cheek and the teeth and allowed to dissolve and/or be absorbed |
| Capnography | system for monitoring the exhaled amount of carbon dioxide |
| Contraindication: | a reason why a specific procedure or drug may be undesirable or improper in a particular situation |
| Doppler | ultrasonic device used to identify and assess vascular status of peripheral arteries and veins by magnifying the sound of the blood moving through the vessel |
| Drug: | 13. a substance used as medicine for the diagnosis, treatment, cure, mitigation, or prevention (prophylaxis) of disease or a condition |
| Generic: | 14. nonproprietary name for a drug that is a shortened version of the chemical name or gives a reference to the intended use |
| Homeostasis | stable physiologic state |
| Hypnosis | altered state of consciousness in relation to the patient’s perception of the surgical environment and surgical procedure |
| Iatrogenic | an unavoidable effect or disease induced by pharmacologic therapy |
| Indication | a reason to perform a specific procedure or prescribe a certain drug |
| Induction: | The second stage of anesthesia in which the patient is given induction drugs and intubated. The patient's level of consciousness changes from alert to unconscious; reflexes are depressed. |
| Intra-articular | within a joint |
| Larynogospasm | 22. sudden, involuntary contraction of the larynx that is capable of causing partial or total occlusion of the larynx |
| Intrathecal | within the subdural space |
| NPO | nothing by mouth(Latin – nil per os) |
| PACU | post anesthesia care unit |
| Parenteral | other than enteral, by injection |
| Pharmacodynamics | term describing the interaction of drug molecules with the target cells; the resulting action is biochemical and physiologic |
| Pharmacokinetics | term used to describe the entire process of the drug’s activity within the body; the process of pharmacokinesis involves absorption, distribution, biotransformation (metabolism), and excretion |
| Pharmacology | the study of drugs and their actions |
| Prophylaxis | prevention of disease or a condition |
| Synergist | action of one agent increase the action of the other agent when delivered together |
| Topical | applied to the skin or mucous membrane to provide a localized or systemic effect |
| Volatile Agents | group of liquids whose potent evaporative vapors, when inhaled, produce general anesthesia by depressing the CNS |
| C | Celcius |
| m | Meter, micrometer, or minim |
| kg | Kilogram |
| L | liter |
| mL | microliter |
| F | Fahrenheit |
| mm | millimeter |
| mg | milligram |
| g | gram |
| ung | microgram |
| lb | pound |
| mcg | microgram |
| oz | ounce |
| cm | centimeter |
| mEq | milliequivalen |
| cc | cubic centimeter |
| IV | Intravenous |
| PO | by mouth |
| IM | intramuscular |
| DVT | deep vein thrombosis |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| PONV | by mouth, nausea and vomiting |
| GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| ARDS | adult respiratory distress syndrome |
| LMA | laryngeal mask airway |
| ETT | endotracheal tube |
| SARA | system for anesthetic and respiratory analysis |
| ABG | arterial blood gas |
| PT | prothrombin time |
| PTT | partial thromboplastin time |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| USP | United States Pharmacopeia |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| BIS | bispectral index monitor |
| 1 m | 36.37 inches |
| 1 inch | 2.54 cm |
| 1 mL | 1 cc |
| 2 oz | 60 cc |
| 1 gram | 1000 mg |
| 1 kg | 2.2 lbs |
| 1 cc | 14-15 minims |
| 1 L | 1000 cc |
| Boiling Point 212 degrees F | 100 degrees C |
| 1 minim | 1 gtt |
| 1 oz | 30 cc |
| 98.6 degrees F | 37 degrees C |
| 100 mL | 100 cc |
| 1 meter | 1000 cm |
| analgesic | relieves pain |
| anesthetic | produces partial or complete loss of sensation |
| antibiotic | prevents or treats infections |
| anticholinergic | blocks parasympathetic impulses |
| anticoagulant | prevents clots or thrombus formations |
| antiemetic | prevents or treats nausea and vomiting |
| anti-inflammatory | prevents or treats pain, redness, swelling or heat |
| antipyretic | relieves fever |
| controlled substance | drugs with the potential for addiction |
| contrast media | appears radio paque on an x-ray |
| cycloplegic | paralyzes the ciliary muscle of the eye |
| diuretic | increases urine output or edema |
| dye | colors or marks tissue |
| fibrinolytic | dissolves clots or thrombus - enzyme |
| hemostatic | enhances formation of clot or thrombus |
| hormone | secretion of endrocrine gland |
| miotic | constricts pupil |
| mydriatic | dialates pupil |
| sedative | reduces mental anxiety and promotes sleep |
| vasocontrictor | increases blood pressure |
| lidocaine | antiarrhythmia and anesthetic |
| dantrolene | treatment for MH |
| epinephrine | hormone vasoconstrictor |
| benzodiazepines | preoperative sedative |
| atropine | anticholinergic - drecreases musoucs secretions or treats bradycardia |
| nitrous oxide | gas anesthetic may increase ear pressure |
| heparin | anticoagulant use for vascular cases |
| thrombin | hemostatic agent never given IV |
| mannitol | osmotic diuretic |
| Bacitracin | antibiotic |
| adrenaline/epinephrine | Adrenergic/hormone/vasoconstrictor |
| Ancef/Cefazolin sodium | Antibiotic/cephalosporin |
| Anectine/Succinylcholine chloride | Neuromuscular blockage agent; depolarizing muscle relaxer |
| Benadryl/Diphenhydramine | Antihistamine |
| Coumadin/Warfarin sodium | Anticoagulant |
| Dantrium/Dantrolene sodium | MH (malignant hyperthermia) antagonist |
| Decadron/Dexamethasone | Anti-inflammatory/steroid |
| Demerol/Meperidine hcl | Analgesic/narcotic analgesic |
| Flagyl/Metronidazole | Antifungal/amebicide/antiprotozoal |
| Gelfoam/Absorbable hemostatic gelatin | Hemostatic agent |
| Heparin/Heparin sodium | Anticoagulant |
| Humulin/Insulin, human | hormone |
| Kantrex/Kanamycin sulfate | antibiotic |
| Lasix/Furosemide | Diuretic |
| Lidocaine/Xylocaine hydrochloride | Anti-arrythmic/anesthetic |
| Marcaine/Bupivicaine hcl | Anesthetic/amide nerve blockade |
| Narcan/Naloxone hydrochloride | Narcotic antagonist |
| Papverine/Papaverine hydrochloride | Vasopressor/vasodilator |
| Pitocin/Oxytocin | Hormone |
| Renografin | Contrast media |
| Silvadene/Silver sulfadiazine | Anti-infective/sulfonamide |
| Sodium pentothal/Thiopental sodium | Anesthetic/induction agent |
| Solu-cortef/Hydrocortisone sodium succinate | Steroid anti-inflammatory |
| Sublimaze/Fentanyl citrate | Narcotic analgesic |
| Surgical/Oxycel/Oxidized cellulose | Hemostatic agent |
| Tagamet/Cimetidine | Antacid/histamine blocker |
| Toradol/Ketoralac tromethamine | Nonnarcotic analgesic |
| Tracrium/Atracurium besylate | Non-depolarizing muscle relaxer or neuromuscular blockage agent |
| Valium/Diazepam | Sedative tranquilizer/ benzodiazepine |
| Versed/Midazolam hydrochloride | Sedative tranquilizer/benzodiazepine |
| Wydase/Hyaluronidase | Enzyme/anesthesia additive |
Created by:
muddie
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